jwf

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈjuwfVw/ → /ˈjuwfVw/ → /ˈʔuʔfə/ → /ʔøʔf/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) /ˈjuwfVw/ (singular), /jawˈfaːwaw/ (plural)
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) /ˈjuwfVw/ (singular), /jawˈfaːwaw/ (plural)
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) /ˈʔuʔfə/ (singular), /ʔaˈfaːjə/ (plural)
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) /ʔøʔf/ (singular), /ʔaˈfoːj/ (plural)

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /iuːf/
  • Conventional anglicization: iuf

Noun

 m

1. flesh
2. (as food) meat, including fish meat

   ― j(w)f n(j) ḥꜣt ― breast meat

   ― ḥꜣt j(w)f ― breast meat

   ― j(w)f n(j) pḥwj ― meat from the hindquarters; ham

   ― wr n(j) j(w)f ― large piece or quantity of meat

   • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.9–1.10:

     (j)m ꜣtw r jwf r gs skn šzp dj.f n.k

     Don’t raven after meat next to a voracious man; partake when he gives to you.

3. body
4. epithet of the god Ra when he passes through the afterworld at night [Theban royal tombs]
5. (with following genitive) body, corpse (of some particular god) [Theban royal tombs]

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jwf  

jf	jf	jwf	jwf	jwf	jf	jwf	jwf
[Old Kingdom]	[Middle Kingdom]	[Middle Kingdom]	[18th Dynasty]	[New Kingdom]	[New Kingdom]	[Theban royal tombs and Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]

Derived terms

• ꜥt-jwf

 

Descendants

• Demotic: jwf
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲉϥ (ef)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲁϥ (af)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁⲁϥ (aaf)
  • Coptic Dialect K: ⲉϥ (ef)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲉϥ (ef)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲁϥ (aaf), ⲁϥ (af)

References

• “jwf (lemma ID 22520)” and “jwf (lemma ID 500729)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 51.14–52.5
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 13
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 279, 378.