ksj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /kɛsi/
  • Conventional anglicization: kesi

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to bow down (+ n or ḥr: before (someone))
2. (intransitive) to bend down (in order to pick something up)
3. (transitive) to bend (something)

Inflection

Conjugation of ksj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ks, geminated stem: kss

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
kst, ksj	ksw, ks	kst, kswt, ksyt	ks	ks, ksy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ks8, kss8	ḥr kst, ḥr ksj	m kst, m ksj	r kst, r ksj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ks.n	ksw, ks, ksy	consecutive	ks.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	kst, ksyt
perfective3	ks	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ks.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ks, ksy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ksw, ks, ksy	ksw, ks, ksy	potentialis1	ks.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ks, ksy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ks.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ksw1, ksy, ks	active + .tj1, .tw2	ks	ksy, ks
imperfective	kss, kssy, kssw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	kss, kssj6, kssy6	kss, kssw5
prospective	ksw1, ksy, ks, kstj7	—	kswtj1 4, kstj4, kst4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ksj  

ksj

[since the Middle Kingdom]

Derived terms

• ksw
• sksj

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 139.7–139.18
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 287