peior
See also: pejor
Latin
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Italic *pedjōs, probably from Proto-Indo-European *ped-yōs (“to the ground, downward”), from *ped- (“to walk, fall, stumble”), with change of *-dj- to -[jj]- as in caia (“cudgel”) from *kaidjā-. Compare pessimus (“worst”). Cognate to pēs, pessum.
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈpɛj.jɔr][1]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈpɛː.jor]
Adjective
editpeior (comparative, neuter peius); third declension
Declension
editThird-declension comparative adjective.
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masc./fem. | neuter | masc./fem. | neuter | ||
nominative | peior | peius | peiōrēs | peiōra | |
genitive | peiōris | peiōrum | |||
dative | peiōrī | peiōribus | |||
accusative | peiōrem | peius | peiōrēs peiōrīs |
peiōra | |
ablative | peiōre peiōrī |
peiōribus | |||
vocative | peior | peius | peiōrēs | peiōra |
Antonyms
editDerived terms
editDescendants
editSee also
edit- pessimus (superlative)
References
edit- ^ Nishimura, Kanehiro (2011) “Notes on Glide Treatment in Latin Orthography and Phonology: -iciō, servus, aiō”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics, volume 124, page 193:
- It is well known that Latin orthography tends to avoid gemination of ⟨i⟩ for two successive i̯-glides [...] The most classic case may be maior 'larger'; its phonological representation is /mai̯i̯or/ [...] the provision of a macron (i.e., māior, as if the vowel were long) in order to display the syllable weight — the way common in a number of grammar books and dictionaries — is utterly misleading in that it disguises the phonological reality. The same is true of another comparative adjective peior 'worse' (< *ped-i̯os-, via *-di̯- > -i̯i̯-)
Further reading
edit- “peior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “peiior”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 455
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pessum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 463
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “caedō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 79–80
Old French
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Latin peiōrem, accusative singular of peior. The nominative form, pire (whence modern French pire) derives from the Latin nominative.
Adjective
editpeior (oblique singular, nominative singular pire)
- worse; comparative degree of mal
- c. 1180, Chrétien de Troyes, Lancelot ou le Chevalier de la charrette:
- Qui peior que Sarrazin sont.
- Who are worse than Saracens.
- worst; superlative degree of mal
Declension
editCase | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | subject | pire, pyre, piere, peior | peiore | pis |
oblique | peior | peior | ||
plural | subject | peior | peiores | peior |
oblique | peiors | peior |
Antonyms
edit- meillor (“best”)
Descendants
edit- French: pire (from nominative form)
References
edit- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (peior, includes information on declension)
- peior on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
Portuguese
editAdjective
editpeior m or f (plural peiores)
Adverb
editpeior
Categories:
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ped-
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms with Ecclesiastical IPA pronunciation only
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin comparative adjectives
- Old French terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
- Old French non-lemma forms
- Old French comparative adjectives
- Old French superlative adjectives
- Old French terms with quotations
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese adjectives
- Portuguese epicene adjectives
- Portuguese obsolete forms
- Portuguese adverbs