pilus
See also: Piluś
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin pilus (“hair”). Doublet of pile.
Noun edit
pilus (plural pili)
- A hair.
- (microbiology) A hairlike appendage found on the cell surface of many bacteria.
- (biochemistry) A bacterial protein that has several biochemical functions
Synonyms edit
- (hairlike appendage): fimbria
See also edit
Anagrams edit
Dutch edit
Noun edit
pilus m (plural pili)
- pilus (bacterial appendage)
Estonian edit
Noun edit
pilus
Latin edit
Etymology 1 edit
Uncertain. Older sources reconstruct Proto-Indo-European *pilo- (“hair”), with Latin pilleus (“felt cap”), Ancient Greek πῖλος (pîlos, “wool or hair wrought into felt”), Proto-Slavic *pьlstь (“felt”) as cognates,[1][2] but this is no longer accepted.[3][4][5]
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpi.lus/, [ˈpɪɫ̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpi.lus/, [ˈpiːlus]
Noun edit
pilus m (genitive pilī); second declension
- (anatomy) A hair.
- Synonym: capillus
- (figuratively) An insignificant amount; iota; least amount
Declension edit
Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | pilus | pilī |
| Genitive | pilī | pilōrum |
| Dative | pilō | pilīs |
| Accusative | pilum | pilōs |
| Ablative | pilō | pilīs |
| Vocative | pile | pilī |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Balkan Romance:
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Occitano-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Borrowings:
References edit
- ^ Walde, Alois (1927) Julius Pokorny, editor, Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Berlin: de Gruyter, page 71
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 830
- ^ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1954) “pilus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 304–305
- ^ Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “pilus”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots[1] (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 507b
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 465
Etymology 2 edit
From pīlum (“javelin”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpiː.lus/, [ˈpiːɫ̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpi.lus/, [ˈpiːlus]
Noun edit
pīlus m (genitive pīlī); second declension
Declension edit
Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | pīlus | pīlī |
| Genitive | pīlī | pīlōrum |
| Dative | pīlō | pīlīs |
| Accusative | pīlum | pīlōs |
| Ablative | pīlō | pīlīs |
| Vocative | pīle | pīlī |
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “pilus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pilus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- pilus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- pilus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.