English

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Schematic drawing of a protozoan beating a single flagellum

Etymology

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From Latin flagellum (whip), diminutive of flagrum, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlag- (to strike).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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flagellum (plural flagella or flagellums or (proscribed) flagellae)

  1. (biology) In protists, a long, whiplike membrane-enclosed organelle used for locomotion or feeding.
  2. (biology) In bacteria, a long, whiplike proteinaceous appendage, used for locomotion.
  3. A whip

Synonyms

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Translations

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Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin flagellum.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /flaːˈɣɛ.lʏm/
  • Hyphenation: fla‧gel‧lum

Noun

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flagellum m (plural flagella)

  1. flagellum
    Synonyms: flagel, zweepdraad, zweephaar, zweepstaart

French

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Noun

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flagellum m (plural flagellums)

  1. flagellum (whip)

Latin

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Etymology

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    From flagrum (scourge, whip) +‎ -lum.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    flagellum n (genitive flagellī); second declension

    1. whip, lash, scourge
      • c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 25.9–13:
        [] nē lāneum latusculum manūsque mollicellās
        inusta turpiter tibī flagella cōnscribillent []
        [] so that your soft side and your tender hands
        burning lashes may not shamefully scribble on []
    2. whip for driving animals (riding horses, cattle etc.)
    3. tentacle
      • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 4.361–372:
        [] utque sub aequoribus dēprēnsum pōlypus hostem
        continet ex omnī dīmissīs parte flagellīs.
        [] and how under the seas the polyp holds fast the captured enemy
        with tentacles dispatched from every side.
    4. young branch, shoot
      • c. 4th century, Tiberianus, Pervigilium Veneris 5–6:
        Crās amōrum cōpulātrīx inter umbrās arborum
        implicat casās virentēs dē flagellō myrteō.
        Tomorrow the binder of loves amongst the shades of trees
        weaves green cottages from myrtle branches.

    Declension

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    Second-declension noun (neuter).

    Case Singular Plural
    Nominative flagellum flagella
    Genitive flagellī flagellōrum
    Dative flagellō flagellīs
    Accusative flagellum flagella
    Ablative flagellō flagellīs
    Vocative flagellum flagella

    Synonyms

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    Descendants

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    Borrowings

    References

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    • flagellum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • flagellum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • flagellum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • flagellum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.