servitus

Latin

Etymology

From servus +‎ -tūs.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈser.u̯i.tuːs/, [ˈs̠ɛru̯ɪt̪uːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈser.vi.tus/, [ˈsɛrvit̪us]

Noun

servitūs f (genitive servitūtis); third declension

1. slavery, servitude

   Synonyms: servitūdō, servitium

   Antonym: lībertās

   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Exodus.20.2:

     Ego sum Dominus Deus tuus, qui eduxi te de terra Aegypti, de domo servitutis.

     I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.

2. a body of slaves
3. (law) a servitude (encumbrance on land)
4. (Medieval Latin) vassaldom
5. (Medieval Latin) worship, religious ministry
6. (Medieval Latin) a tax paid on land

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	servitūs	servitūtēs
Genitive	servitūtis	servitūtum
Dative	servitūtī	servitūtibus
Accusative	servitūtem	servitūtēs
Ablative	servitūte	servitūtibus
Vocative	servitūs	servitūtēs

Derived terms

• servitūs in faciendō cōnsistere nequit

Related terms

• serva
• serviō
• servus

Descendants

• Catalan: servitud
• Italian: servitù
• Portuguese: servitude
• Spanish: servitud

References

• “servitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “servitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• servitus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• servitus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to languish in slavery: servitute premi (Phil. 4. 1. 3)
    
  • to enslave a free people: liberum populum servitute afficere
    
  • to reduce to slavery: aliquem in servitutem redigere
    
  • to lay the yoke of slavery on some one: alicui servitutem iniungere, imponere
    
  • to keep the citizens in servile subjection: civitatem servitute oppressam tenere (Dom. 51. 131)
    
  • to carry off into slavery: aliquem in servitutem abducere, abstrahere
    
  • to submit to the yoke of slavery: iugum servitutis accipere
    
  • to shake off the yoke of slavery: iugum servitutis excutere
    
  • to shake off the yoke of slavery: servitutem exuere (Liv. 34. 7)
    
  • to deliver some one from slavery: ab aliquo servitutem or servitutis iugum depellere
    
• “servitus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “servitus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “servitus”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources‎^[2], London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, →OCLC
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “servitus”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 967