stoke
English edit
Pronunciation edit
- (UK) enPR: stōk, IPA(key): /stəʊk/
Audio (Southern England) (file) - Rhymes: -əʊk
- (US) enPR: stōk, IPA(key): /stoʊk/
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English stoken, from Middle Dutch stoken (“to poke, thrust”) or Middle Low German stoken (“to poke, thrust”), from Old Dutch *stokon or Old Saxon *stokon, both from Proto-West Germanic *stokōn, from Proto-Germanic *stukōną (“to be stiff, push”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewg- (“to push, beat”).
Cognate with Middle High German stoken (“to pierce, jab”), Norwegian Nynorsk stauka (“to push, thrust”). Alternative etymology derives the Middle English word from Old French estoquer, estochier (“to thrust, strike”), from the same Germanic source. More at stock.
Verb edit
stoke (third-person singular simple present stokes, present participle stoking, simple past and past participle stoked)
- (transitive, obsolete) To poke, pierce, thrust.
- 1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Knẏghtes Tale”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 34, recto, lines 1688–1691:
- Ne short swerd for to stoke with point bityng / No man ne drawe ne bere it by his syde / Ne no man shal un to his felawe ryde / But o cours with a sharp ygrounde spere
- No man shall draw a short sword with a sharpened point for piercing thrusts, nor will bear any such weapon by his side. Neither shall any man ride toward his opponent with a sharp-ground spear more than once.
Translations edit
Noun edit
stoke (plural stokes)
- An act of poking, piercing, thrusting
Etymology 2 edit
From a back-formation of stoker, apparently from Dutch stoker, from stoken (“to kindle a fire, incite, instigate”), from Middle Dutch stoken (“to poke, thrust”), from stock (“stick, stock”), see: tandenstoker. Ultimately the same word as above.
Verb edit
stoke (third-person singular simple present stokes, present participle stoking, simple past and past participle stoked)
- (transitive) To feed, stir up, especially, a fire or furnace.
- (transitive, by extension) To encourage a behavior or emotion.
- 1974, Joni Mitchell, Free Man in Paris:
- Stoking the star maker machinery behind the popular song
- 2011, Roy F. Baumeister, John Tierney, Willpower, →ISBN, page 120:
- To stoke motivation and ambition, focus instead on the road ahead.
- (intransitive) To attend to or supply a furnace with fuel; to act as a stoker or fireman.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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Etymology 3 edit
Noun edit
stoke (plural stokes)
Anagrams edit
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Verb edit
stoke
Serbo-Croatian edit
Noun edit
stoke (Cyrillic spelling стоке)
- inflection of stoka:
Slovak edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
stoke