surseoir

French

Alternative forms

• sursoir (post-1990 spelling)

Etymology

From French sur (“over”) + seoir (“be fit, proper”). Doublet of superséder.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -waʁ

Verb

surseoir

1. to defer, to postpone
2. to stay (a penal sentence)

Conjugation

Conjugation of surseoir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	surseoir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	sursoyant /syʁ.swa.jɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		sursis /syʁ.si/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	sursois /syʁ.swa/	sursois /syʁ.swa/	sursoit /syʁ.swa/	sursoyons /syʁ.swa.jɔ̃/	sursoyez /syʁ.swa.je/	sursoient /syʁ.swa/
	imperfect	sursoyais /syʁ.swa.jɛ/	sursoyais /syʁ.swa.jɛ/	sursoyait /syʁ.swa.jɛ/	sursoyions /syʁ.swaj.jɔ̃/	sursoyiez /syʁ.swaj.je/	sursoyaient /syʁ.swa.jɛ/
	past historic2	sursis /syʁ.si/	sursis /syʁ.si/	sursit /syʁ.si/	sursîmes /syʁ.sim/	sursîtes /syʁ.sit/	sursirent /syʁ.siʁ/
	future	surseoirai /syʁ.swa.ʁe/	surseoiras /syʁ.swa.ʁa/	surseoira /syʁ.swa.ʁa/	surseoirons /syʁ.swa.ʁɔ̃/	surseoirez /syʁ.swa.ʁe/	surseoiront /syʁ.swa.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	surseoirais /syʁ.swa.ʁɛ/	surseoirais /syʁ.swa.ʁɛ/	surseoirait /syʁ.swa.ʁɛ/	surseoirions /syʁ.swa.ʁjɔ̃/	surseoiriez /syʁ.swa.ʁje/	surseoiraient /syʁ.swa.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	sursoie /syʁ.swa/	sursoies /syʁ.swa/	sursoie /syʁ.swa/	sursoyions /syʁ.swaj.jɔ̃/	sursoyiez /syʁ.swaj.je/	sursoient /syʁ.swa/
	imperfect2	sursisse /syʁ.sis/	sursisses /syʁ.sis/	sursît /syʁ.si/	sursissions /syʁ.si.sjɔ̃/	sursissiez /syʁ.si.sje/	sursissent /syʁ.sis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	sursois /syʁ.swa/	—	sursoyons /syʁ.swa.jɔ̃/	sursoyez /syʁ.swa.je/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• sursis

Further reading

• “surseoir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Old French

Alternative forms

• sourseoir
• surseer
• surseser

Verb

surseoir

1. to abstain (from)
2. to delay
3. to miss a deadline; to fail to respond

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem sursie distinct from the unstressed stem surse, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of surseoir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		surseoir			avoir sursis
gerund		en surseant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		surseant
past participle		sursis
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	sursié	sursiez	sursiet	surseons	surseez	sursieent
	imperfect	surseoie, surseeie	surseoies, surseeies	surseoit, surseeit	surseïiens, surseïens	surseïiez, surseïez	surseoient, surseeient
	preterite	sursis	surseṣis	sursist	surseṣimes	surseṣistes	sursisdrent
	future	surserrai	surserras	surserra	surserrons	surserroiz, surserreiz, surserrez	surserront
	conditional	surserroie, surserreie	surserroies, surserreies	surserroit, surserreit	surserriiens, surserriens	surserriiez, surserriez	surserroient, surserreient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	sursiee, sursië	sursiees, sursiës	sursiee, sursië	surseons, surseiiens, surseions	surseez, surseiiez	sursieent, sursiënt
	imperfect	surseṣisse	surseṣisses	surseṣist	surseṣissons, surseṣissiens	surseṣissoiz, surseṣissez, surseṣissiez	surseṣissent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	sursie	—	surseons	surseez	—

Descendants

• French: surseoir
• English: surcease

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (sourseoir, supplement)
• surseer on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub