zpj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /zɛpi/
  • Conventional anglicization: zepi

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to remain, to be(come) left over, abandoned
2. (intransitive) to remain, to survive, to be left
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 37–39:

     ꜥḥꜥ.n dpt m(w)t(.tj) ntjw jm.s nj zp wꜥ jm

     Then the boat died (sank), and of those in it, not one of them survived.

3. (intransitive) to be(come) left out, excluded
4. (intransitive, negated as part of the constructions nj zp or nn zp) to happen

Inflection

Conjugation of zpj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: zp, geminated stem: zpp

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
zpt, zpj	zpw, zp	zpt, zpwt, zpyt	zp	zp, zpy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
zp8, zpp8	ḥr zpt, ḥr zpj	m zpt, m zpj	r zpt, r zpj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	zp.n	consecutive	zp.jn
terminative	zpt, zpyt
perfective3	zp	obligative1	zp.ḫr
imperfective	zp, zpy
prospective3	zpw, zp, zpy	potentialis1	zp.kꜣ
subjunctive	zp, zpy

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	zp.n	—	—
perfective	zpw1, zpy, zp	zp	zpy, zp
imperfective	zpp, zppy, zppw5	zpp, zppj6, zppy6	zpp, zppw5
prospective	zpw1, zpy, zp, zptj7	zpwtj1 4, zptj4, zpt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Derived terms

• nj zp
• nn zp
• zpyt

Related terms

• zp

Descendants

• Demotic: sp
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲥⲉⲡⲉ (sepe)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲥⲉⲡⲓ (sepi)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲥⲏⲏⲡⲓ (sēēpi)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲉⲉⲡⲉ (seepe)

References

• “zpi̯ (lemma ID 132710)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 439.7–439.15
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 222
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 259–260, 270, 385.