See also: , , and
U+4E58, 乘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E58

[U+4E57]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4E59]

Translingual edit

Japanese
Simplified
Traditional
Stroke order
Japan
 

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 4, 丿+9, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹木中心 (HDLP), four-corner 20901, composition or )

Derived characters edit

Descendants edit

  • (chiefly Japanese):

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 83, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 154
  • Dae Jaweon: page 166, character 40
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 40, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4E58

Chinese edit

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       





References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Pictogram (象形) – a person climbing a tree , with the feet visible. Etymology clearer in alternative form . In this form, simplified to (tree and top) + (feet).

Pronunciation 1 edit


Note:
  • 2tshen - vernacular;
  • 3zen - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ³⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴/ ~法
/ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁵³/ ~車
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁴⁵/
/t͡sʰəŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /tʃʰəŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sʰən²¹³/
Chengdu /sən³¹/
/t͡sʰən³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰen²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃³¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰən²⁴/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zəŋ²³/
Suzhou /zən¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡zen²¹³/
Wenzhou /zeŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰiɛ⁴⁴/
/t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʂən¹³/
Xiangtan /ʂən¹²/
Gan Nanchang /sɨn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /sən¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʃen⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /seŋ²¹/
Nanning /seŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /siŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /siŋ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /siŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰeiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /seŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /seŋ³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (27)
Final () (133)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter zying
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʑɨŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʑɨŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʑieŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʑiŋ/
Li
Rong
/d͡ʑiəŋ/
Wang
Li
/d͡ʑĭəŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/d͡ʑʰi̯əŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shéng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sing4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chéng
Middle
Chinese
‹ zying ›
Old
Chinese
/*Cə.ləŋ/
English ride (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 1452
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɦljɯŋ/

Definitions edit

  1. (literary) to ascend; to go up
  2. (literary) to drive (a horse, cart, etc.)
  3. to take (a form of transport)
      ―  chéngchuán  ―  to ride a boat
    火車上海火车上海  ―  chéng huǒchē qù shànghǎi  ―  to ride a train to Shanghai
  4. to make use of; to take advantage of
      ―  chéng  ―  to seize the opportunity
    不備不备  ―  chéng dí bùbèi  ―  to take the enemy unawares
  5. (literary) to pursue; to attack
  6. (arithmetic) to multiply
    加減加减  ―  jiā jiǎn chéng chú  ―  addition, subtraction, multiplication, division
    等於十六等于十六  ―  Èr chéng bā děngyú shíliù.  ―  Two times eight equals sixteen.
  7. a surname
Antonyms edit
  • (to multiply): (chú)

Compounds edit

Pronunciation 2 edit


Note: chéng - Mainland standard for the Buddhism sense.

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (27)
Final () (133)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter zyingH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʑɨŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʑɨŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʑieŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʑiŋH/
Li
Rong
/d͡ʑiəŋH/
Wang
Li
/d͡ʑĭəŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/d͡ʑʰi̯əŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shèng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sing6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shèng
Middle
Chinese
‹ zyingH ›
Old
Chinese
/*Cə.ləŋ-s/
English vehicle

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 1458
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɦljɯŋs/

Definitions edit

  1. (literary) war chariot drawn by four horses; (imperial) carriage
  2. (literary) Classifier for carriages drawn by four horses.
  3. (literary) history book
      ―  shǐshèng  ―  historical records
  4. (Buddhism) vehicle; creed; yana
      ―  shèng  ―  Mahayana (literally, “Great Vehicle”)

Compounds edit

References edit

Japanese edit

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji edit

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for nameskyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

Readings edit

Korean edit

Hanja edit

(eumhun (tal seung))

  1. to mount, to ride
  2. to take (a form of transport)
  3. (arithmetic) exponent

References edit

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Nôm readings: thừa, thặng, thắng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References edit