駭

See also: 骇

駭 U+99ED, 駭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-99ED ← 駬 [U+99EC] CJK Unified Ideographs 駮 → [U+99EE]

Translingual

Han character

駭 (Kangxi radical 187, 馬+6, 16 strokes, cangjie input 尸火卜女人 (SFYVO), four-corner 7038₂, composition ⿰馬亥)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1438, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44725
• Dae Jaweon: page 1962, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4555, character 5
• Unihan data for U+99ED

Chinese

trad.		駭
simp.		骇

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (亥) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
該	*kɯː
垓	*kɯː
賅	*kɯː
陔	*kɯː
豥	*kɯː, *ɡɯː
荄	*kɯː, *krɯː
郂	*kɯː
姟	*kɯː
絯	*kɯː, *ɡrɯːʔ
晐	*kɯː
峐	*kɯː
侅	*kɯː, *kʰɯː, *ɡɯːʔ, *ɡrɯːʔ
胲	*kɯː
頦	*kɯːʔ, *ɡɯː
奒	*kʰɯː
輆	*kʰɯːʔ
欬	*kʰɯːɡs, *qraːds
硋	*ŋɡɯːɡs
閡	*ŋɡɯːɡs
咳	*qʰɯː, *ɡɯː
孩	*ɡɯː
亥	*ɡɯːʔ
劾	*ɡɯːɡs, *kʰrɯːɡs, *ɡɯːɡ
痎	*krɯː
烗	*kʰrɯːɡs
骸	*ɡrɯː
駭	*ɡrɯːʔ
刻	*kʰɯːɡ
餩	*qɯːɡ
核	*ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯːʔ) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ)

Etymology

"to hack"

Phono-semantic matching of English hack.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hài (hai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): haai⁵ / haai⁶ / hoi⁵ / hoi⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hǎi / hāi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hài
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hài
    • Wade–Giles: hai⁴
    • Yale: hài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hay
    • Palladius: хай (xaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xaɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: haai⁵ / haai⁶ / hoi⁵ / hoi⁴
    • Yale: háaih / haaih / hóih / hòih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: haai⁵ / haai⁶ / hoi⁵ / hoi⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: hai⁵ / hai⁶ / hoi⁵ / hoi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːi̯¹³/, /haːi̯²²/, /hɔːi̯¹³/, /hɔːi̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǎi
    • Tâi-lô: hǎi
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hai²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hāi
    • Tâi-lô: hāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hai
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hai²²/

---

• Middle Chinese: heajX

Rime
Character	駭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	皆 (33)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	侯楷切
Baxter	heajX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠɛiX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚæiX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɐiX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəɨjX/
Li Rong	/ɣɛiX/
Wang Li	/ɣɐiX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣăiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤrəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrɯːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	駭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hài
Middle Chinese	‹ hɛjX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁrəʔ/
English	alarmed
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	駭
Reading #	1/1
No.	4836
Phonetic component	亥
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	駭
Old Chinese	/*ɡrɯːʔ/

Definitions

駭

1. terrify, frighten
2. (computing) to hack

Compounds

• 威駭／威骇
• 防駭／防骇
• 震駭／震骇 (zhènhài)
• 駭人／骇人 (hàirén)
• 駭人聽聞／骇人听闻 (hàiréntīngwén)
• 駭客／骇客 (hàikè)
• 駭怕／骇怕 (hàipà)
• 駭浪／骇浪
• 駭然／骇然 (hàirán)
• 驚世駭俗／惊世骇俗 (jīngshìhàisú)
• 驚濤駭浪／惊涛骇浪 (jīngtāohàilàng)

 

Japanese

Kanji

駭

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. be surprised

Readings

• On (unclassified): かい (kai)、がい (gai)
• Kun: おどろく (odoroku)

Korean

Hanja

駭 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay)

1. terrify, frighten, scare
2. shock

Vietnamese

Han character

駭: Hán Nôm readings: hãi, hãy

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