οὖρος

See also: οὐρός

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ûː.ros/ → /ˈu.ros/ → /ˈu.ros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ûː.ros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈu.ros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈu.ros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈu.ros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈu.ros/

Etymology 1

According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to move, stir, spring”), like ὄρνυμι (órnumi, “to awaken”).

Noun

οὖρος • (oûros) m (genitive οὔρου); second declension

1. fair wind
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.11:

     ἴκμενον οὖρον ἵει πλησίστιον, ἐσθλὸν ἑταῖρον, Κίρκη εὐπλόκαμος

     íkmenon oûron híei plēsístion, esthlòn hetaîron, Kírkē euplókamos

     a fair wind that filled the sail, a goodly comrade, was sent by fair-tressed Circe

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ οὖρος; τοῦ οὔρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ οὖρος ho oûros	τὼ οὔρω tṑ oúrō	οἱ οὖροι hoi oûroi
Genitive	τοῦ οὔρου toû oúrou	τοῖν οὔροιν toîn oúroin	τῶν οὔρων tôn oúrōn
Dative	τῷ οὔρῳ tôi oúrōi	τοῖν οὔροιν toîn oúroin	τοῖς οὔροις toîs oúrois
Accusative	τὸν οὖρον tòn oûron	τὼ οὔρω tṑ oúrō	τοὺς οὔρους toùs oúrous
Vocative	οὖρε oûre	οὔρω oúrō	οὖροι oûroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

• οὐρῐ́ζω (ourízō)
• οὔρῐος (oúrios)

References

• “οὖρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Etymology 2

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to note, sense”) or from Proto-Indo-European *sorwos (“guardian”). Cognate with Latin servus.

Noun

οὖρος • (oûros) m (genitive οὔρου); second declension

1. guardian, watcher
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 15.89:

     οὐ γὰρ ὄπισθεν οὖρον ἰὼν κατέλειπον ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσιν ἐμοῖσιν

     ou gàr ópisthen oûron iṑn katéleipon epì kteátessin emoîsin

     I left behind no guardian to watch over my possessions

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ οὖρος; τοῦ οὔρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ οὖρος ho oûros	τὼ οὔρω tṑ oúrō	οἱ οὖροι hoi oûroi
Genitive	τοῦ οὔρου toû oúrou	τοῖν οὔροιν toîn oúroin	τῶν οὔρων tôn oúrōn
Dative	τῷ οὔρῳ tôi oúrōi	τοῖν οὔροιν toîn oúroin	τοῖς οὔροις toîs oúrois
Accusative	τὸν οὖρον tòn oûron	τὼ οὔρω tṑ oúrō	τοὺς οὔρους toùs oúrous
Vocative	οὖρε oûre	οὔρω oúrō	οὖροι oûroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• Ᾰ̓ρκτοῦρος (Arktoûros)
• ἐπίουρος (epíouros)/ ἔφορος (éphoros)

Related terms

• οὐρεῖον (oureîon)
• οὐρεύω (oureúō)
• οὐρέω (ouréō)
• οὔρῐον (oúrion)

References

• “οὖρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Latin ūrus.

Noun

οὖρος • (oûros) m (genitive οὔρου); second declension

1. aurochs, Bos primigenius

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ οὖρος; τοῦ οὔρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ οὖρος ho oûros	τὼ οὔρω tṑ oúrō	οἱ οὖροι hoi oûroi
Genitive	τοῦ οὔρου toû oúrou	τοῖν οὔροιν toîn oúroin	τῶν οὔρων tôn oúrōn
Dative	τῷ οὔρῳ tôi oúrōi	τοῖν οὔροιν toîn oúroin	τοῖς οὔροις toîs oúrois
Accusative	τὸν οὖρον tòn oûron	τὼ οὔρω tṑ oúrō	τοὺς οὔρους toùs oúrous
Vocative	οὖρε oûre	οὔρω oúrō	οὖροι oûroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

• “οὖρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Etymology 4

Noun

οὖρος • (oûros) m (genitive οὔρου); second declension

1. Ionic form of ὅρος (hóros)

References

• “οὖρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Etymology 5

Noun

οὖρος • (oûros) n (genitive οὔρεος); third declension

1. Epic and Lyric form of ὄρος (óros)

Declension

Third declension of οὖρος; οὔρεος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	οὖρος oûros	οὔρει / οὔρεε oúrei / oúree	οὔρεᾰ oúrea
Genitive	οὔρεος / οὔρευς oúreos / oúreus	οὐρέοιν ouréoin	οὐρέων ouréōn
Dative	οὔρει / οὔρεῐ̈ oúrei / oúreï	οὐρέοιν ouréoin	οὔρεσῐ / οὔρεσῐν oúresi(n)
Accusative	οὖρος oûros	οὔρει / οὔρεε oúrei / oúree	οὔρεᾰ oúrea
Vocative	οὖρος oûros	οὔρει / οὔρεε oúrei / oúree	οὔρεᾰ oúrea
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Further reading

• “οὖρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “οὖρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “οὖρος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• οὖρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• οὖρος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “οὖρος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• οὖρος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • breeze idem, page 97.
  • fair idem, page 302.
  • favourable idem, page 311.
  • prospering idem, page 653.
  • wafting idem, page 958.
  • wind idem, page 980.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN