χαλινός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• χάλιννος (khálinnos)

Etymology

According to Beekes, a Pre-Greek origin is probable, as it is difficult to explain "χαλ-" from Indo-European and as a suffix "-ιν-" is frequent in Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kʰa.liː.nós/ → /xa.liˈnos/ → /xa.liˈnos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰa.liː.nós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kʰa.liˈnos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /xa.liˈnos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /xa.liˈnos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /xa.liˈnos/

Noun

χᾰλῑνός • (khalīnós) m (genitive χᾰλῑνοῦ); second declension

1. bridle, rein, bit

   Synonyms: ἡνία (hēnía), ῥυτήρ (rhutḗr)

2. part of the tackle of a ship
3. anything that restrains from the outer
4. corner of the mouth of a horse or human

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ χᾰλῑνός; τοῦ χᾰλῑνοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ χᾰλῑνός ho khalīnós	τὼ χᾰλῑνώ tṑ khalīnṓ	οἱ χᾰλῑνοί hoi khalīnoí
Genitive	τοῦ χᾰλῑνοῦ toû khalīnoû	τοῖν χᾰλῑνοῖν toîn khalīnoîn	τῶν χᾰλῑνῶν tôn khalīnôn
Dative	τῷ χᾰλῑνῷ tôi khalīnôi	τοῖν χᾰλῑνοῖν toîn khalīnoîn	τοῖς χᾰλῑνοῖς toîs khalīnoîs
Accusative	τὸν χᾰλῑνόν tòn khalīnón	τὼ χᾰλῑνώ tṑ khalīnṓ	τοὺς χᾰλῑνούς toùs khalīnoús
Vocative	χᾰλῑνέ khalīné	χᾰλῑνώ khalīnṓ	χᾰλῑνοί khalīnoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• χαλιναγογέω (khalinagogéō)
• χαλιναγωγία (khalinagōgía)
• χαλιναγωγός (khalinagōgós)
• χαλινάριον (khalinárion)
• χαλινῖτις (khalinîtis)
• χαλινοποιική (khalinopoiikḗ)
• χαλινοποιός (khalinopoiós)
• χαλινουργός (khalinourgós)
• χαλινοφάγος (khalinophágos)
• χαλινόω (khalinóō)
• χαλίνωσις (khalínōsis)
• χαλινωτήρια (khalinōtḗria)
• χρῡσοχᾰ́λῑνος (khrūsokhálīnos)

Descendants

• Greek: χαλινός (chalinós)
• → Arabic: كَالُون (kālūn), كَيْلُون (kaylūn, “lock installed onto something; padlock”)
• → New Latin: chalīnos (“corner of the mouth, the part of the cheek most close to the lips”)
• → Classical Syriac: ܟܠܴܢܳܐ (klānā, “bar or bolt for fastening doors, sera”)

Further reading

• “χαλινός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “χαλινός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• χαλινός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• G5469 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • bit idem, page 80.
  • brake idem, page 93.
  • bridle idem, page 98.
  • curb idem, page 189.
  • rein idem, page 688.
  • strap idem, page 823.
  • thong idem, page 867.

Greek

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xa.liˈnos/
• Hyphenation: χα‧λι‧νός

Noun

χαλινός • (chalinós) m (plural χαλινοί)

1. formal variant of χαλινάρι (chalinári, “bridle; bit”)
2. frenulum

Declension

declension of χαλινός

case     \     number	singular	plural
nominative	χαλινός •	χαλινοί •
genitive	χαλινού •	χαλινών •
accusative	χαλινό •	χαλινούς •
vocative	χαλινέ •	χαλινοί •