враг
Bulgarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Slavic *vȏrgъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wargás.
Noun edit
враг • (vrag) m (relational adjective вра́жески)
Declension edit
Declension of враг
Derived terms edit
- врагу́вам (vragúvam, “to be hostile towards”)
- вражда́ (vraždá, “animosity”)
- вражде́бен (vraždében, “hostile”)
- враж (vraž), вра́жески (vrážeski, “antagonistic, fiendish”)
Related terms edit
- вража (vraža, “to cheat, to deceive”)
References edit
- “враг¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “враг”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “враг¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 177
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Slavic *vòrgъ or *vьragъ.
Noun edit
враг • (vrag) m
- (dialectal) dale, gorge with steep slopes
- Synonym: (colloquial) дере (dere)
- (figurative, dialectal) large wound
Declension edit
Declension of враг
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | враг vrag |
вра́гове vrágove |
| definite (subject form) |
вра́гът vrágǎt |
вра́говете vrágovete |
| definite (object form) |
вра́га vrága | |
| count form | — | вра́га vrága |
Derived terms edit
- овра́г (ovrág, “ravine”)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
- въ́ргам (vǎ́rgam, “to throw”) (possibly)
- вра́га (vrága, “wound, edema”) (possibly)
- врах (vrah, “heap, pile”) (dialectal)
References edit
- “враг²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “враг²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 177
Macedonian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vorgъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wargás.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
враг • (vrag) m (plural врагови)
- devil
- enemy, foe
- (figuratively) devil (a cunning, witty man)
Declension edit
Declension of враг
Synonyms edit
- ѓавол (ǵavol)
- непријател (neprijatel)
Russian edit
Alternative forms edit
- врагъ (vrag) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic врагъ (vragŭ), from Proto-Slavic *vorgъ. Compare the inherited doublet во́рог (vórog, “enemy, foe”) (poetic).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
враг • (vrag) m anim (genitive врага́, nominative plural враги́, genitive plural враго́в, relational adjective вра́жий)
- enemy, foe
- Synonyms: проти́вник (protívnik), неприя́тель (neprijátelʹ), не́друг (nédrug); (dated, poetic) во́рог (vórog)
- Antonym: друг (drug)
- враг народа ― vrag naroda ― Enemy of the People
Declension edit
Synonyms edit
- противник (protivnik)
Related terms edit
- вражде́бный (vraždébnyj)
- вра́жеский (vrážeskij)
- вражда́ (vraždá)
- враждова́ть (vraždovátʹ)
References edit
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “враг”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vorgъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wargás.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
вра̑г m (Latin spelling vrȃg)
- devil
- (intensifier) hell
- Koji se vrag upravo dogodio?
- What the hell just happened?
- Nemoj ga smetati. Ljut je kao vrag.
- Don't bother him. He is angry as hell.
Declension edit
Declension of враг
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | вра̑г | вра̏гови / вра̑зи |
| genitive | врага | врагова / враза |
| dative | врагу | враговима / вразима |
| accusative | врага | врагове / вразе |
| vocative | вра̑же | врагови / врази |
| locative | врагу | враговима / вразима |
| instrumental | врагом | враговима / вразима |
Further reading edit
- “враг” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Ukrainian edit
Alternative forms edit
- ура́г (uráh) (rare)
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic врагъ (vragŭ), from Proto-Slavic *vorgъ. Compare the inherited doublet во́рог (vóroh, “enemy, foe”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
враг • (vrah) m pers (genitive врага́, nominative plural враги́, genitive plural врагі́в, relational adjective вра́жий) (chiefly archaic)
- (poetic) enemy, foe
- devil
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:чорт
Declension edit
Declension of враг (pers velar masc-form accent-b)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | враг vrah |
враги́ vrahý |
| genitive | врага́ vrahá |
врагі́в vrahív |
| dative | враго́ві, врагу́ vrahóvi, vrahú |
врага́м vrahám |
| accusative | врага́ vrahá |
врагі́в vrahív |
| instrumental | враго́м vrahóm |
врага́ми vrahámy |
| locative | враго́ві, врагу́ vrahóvi, vrahú |
врага́х vraháx |
| vocative | вра́же vráže |
враги́ vrahý |
Further reading edit
- Hrinchenko, Borys, editor (1907–1909), “враг”, in Словарь украинского языка [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Russian), Kyiv: Kievskaya starina
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “враг”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “враг”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
- “враг”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)