спихна
Bulgarian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *sъpyxnǫti, synchronically a ne-inchoative of *sъ(n)- + *pyxati (“to grasp, to pant”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editспи́хна • (spíhna) first-singular present indicative, pf (imperfective спи́хвам)
- (intransitive) to deflate, to flatten (of inflatable objects: tyres, balloons, life-vests)
- (reflexive with се) to lose air
Conjugation
edit Conjugation of спи́хна (conjugation 1.2, perfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | — | спи́хнал spíhnal |
спи́хнел spíhnel |
— | — | |
| definite subject form | — | спи́хналият spíhnalijat |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | — | спи́хналия spíhnalija |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | — | спи́хнала spíhnala |
спи́хнела spíhnela |
— | ||
| definite | — | спи́хналата spíhnalata |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | — | спи́хнало spíhnalo |
спи́хнело spíhnelo |
— | — | |
| definite | — | спи́хналото spíhnaloto |
— | — | — | ||
| plural | indefinite | — | спи́хнали spíhnali |
спи́хнели spíhneli |
— | — | |
| definite | — | спи́хналите spíhnalite |
— | — | — | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | спи́хна spíhna |
спи́хнеш spíhneš |
спи́хне spíhne |
спи́хнем spíhnem |
спи́хнете spíhnete |
спи́хнат spíhnat | |
| imperfect | спи́хнех spíhneh |
спи́хнеше spíhneše |
спи́хнеше spíhneše |
спи́хнехме spíhnehme |
спи́хнехте spíhnehte |
спи́хнеха spíhneha | |
| aorist | спи́хнах spíhnah |
спи́хна spíhna |
спи́хна spíhna |
спи́хнахме spíhnahme |
спи́хнахте spíhnahte |
спи́хнаха spíhnaha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and спи́хнел m, спи́хнела f, спи́хнело n, or спи́хнели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and спи́хнел m, спи́хнела f, спи́хнело n, or спи́хнели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and спи́хнел m, спи́хнела f, спи́хнело n, or спи́хнели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and спи́хнал m, спи́хнала f, спи́хнало n, or спи́хнали pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| спихни́ spihní |
спихне́те spihnéte |
||||||
Related terms
editReferences
edit- Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “спꙑхнѫ (да сѧ), -ешь; -нѫ́лъ сѧ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language][1] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 237
- Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “спихвам (се), спихна (се)”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 391