air
EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English aire, from Old French air, from Latin āēr, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr). Displaced native Old English lyft. More at lift, loft.
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɛə/, /ɛː/
Audio (UK) (file)
- (General American) enPR: âr, IPA(key): /ɛɚ/, /ɛɹ/
Audio (US) (file)
- Rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
- Homophones: Ayr, ere, eyre, heir, are (unit of measurement); err (one pronunciation); e'er (US)
NounEdit
air (countable and uncountable, plural airs)
- (uncountable, meteorology) The substance constituting Earth's atmosphere, particularly:
- I'm going outside to get some air.
- The air on Mars is so thin that high and low temperatures on the day differ alot.
- (historical, philosophy, alchemy) understood as one of the four elements of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
- (historical, medicine) understood as a particular local substance with supposed effects on human health.
- 1991 May 12, "Kidnapped!" Jeeves and Wooster, Series 2, Episode 5:
- Jeeves: Foreign travel often liberates emotions best kept in check, sir. The air of North America is notoriously stimulating in this regard, as witness the regrettable behavior of its inhabitants in 1776.
B. Wooster: Hm? What happened in 1776, Jeeves?
Jeeves: I prefer not to dwell on it, if it's convenient to you, sir.
- Jeeves: Foreign travel often liberates emotions best kept in check, sir. The air of North America is notoriously stimulating in this regard, as witness the regrettable behavior of its inhabitants in 1776.
- There was a tension in the air which made me suspect an approaching storm.
- 1991 May 12, "Kidnapped!" Jeeves and Wooster, Series 2, Episode 5:
- (physics) understood as a gaseous mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and various trace gases.
- (usually with the) The apparently open space above the ground which this substance fills, (historical) formerly thought to be limited by the firmament but (meteorology) now considered to be surrounded by the near vacuum of outer space.
- The flock of birds took to the air.
- A breeze; a gentle wind.
- A feeling or sense.
- to give it an air of artistry and sophistication
- November 2 2014, Daniel Taylor, "Sergio Agüero strike wins derby for Manchester City against 10-man United," guardian.co.uk
- Smalling’s quick one-two of yellow cards towards the end of the first half had left an air of inevitability about what would follow and, if anything, it was probably a surprise that City restricted themselves to Sergio Agüero’s goal bearing in mind another of United’s defenders, Marcos Rojo, was taken off on a stretcher early in the second half with a dislocated shoulder.
- 1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, The House Behind the Cedars, Chapter I,
- The girl stooped to pluck a rose, and as she bent over it, her profile was clearly outlined. She held the flower to her face with a long-drawn inhalation, then went up the steps, crossed the piazza, opened the door without knocking, and entered the house with the air of one thoroughly at home.
- A sense of poise, graciousness, or quality.
- 1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], chapter 4, in Emma: […], volume I, London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, OCLC 1708336:
- "He is very plain, undoubtedly—remarkably plain:—but that is nothing compared with his entire want of gentility. I had no right to expect much, and I did not expect much; but I had no idea that he could be so very clownish, so totally without air. I had imagined him, I confess, a degree or two nearer gentility."
- (usually in the plural) Pretension; snobbishness; pretence that one is better than others.
- putting on airs
- 1922, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest[1]:
- He read the letter aloud. Sophia listened with the studied air of one for whom, even in these days, a title possessed some surreptitious allurement.
- (music) A song, especially a solo; an aria.
- 1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], Pride and Prejudice, volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton […], OCLC 38659585:
- "If I," said Mr. Collins, "were so fortunate as to be able to sing, I should have great pleasure, I am sure, in obliging the company with an air; for I consider music as a very innocent diversion, and perfectly compatible with the profession of a clergyman […] "
- (informal) Nothing; absence of anything.
- (countable, uncountable) An air conditioner or the processed air it produces.
- Could you turn on the air?
- Hey, did you mean to leave the airs on all week while you were on vacation?
- (obsolete, chemistry) Any specific gas.
- (snowboarding, skateboarding, motor sports) A jump in which one becomes airborne.
- A television or radio signal; (by extension) media broadcasts in general.
- 1996, Thomas Streeter, Selling the Air, →ISBN:
- Ernst gave a list of political activists who had been denied access to the air by private broadcasters, and pointed out that "Secretary Hoover's signature in New York sells for $150,000 to $200,000," thus limiting access to the air on the part of labor unions and other underrepresented groups.
- 2001, Dana Stabenow, The Singing of the Dead, →ISBN, page 17:
- Coming to you live once a month, or whenever I feel like broadcasting a little pirate air.
- 2015, Gary Andres, Paul Hernnson, Lobbying Reconsidered: Politics Under the Influence (page 149)
- “These members need air cover in the media.” Paid media is the admission ticket to enter the big-time Washington stage.
- (uncountable) Publicity.
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
- airbag
- air base
- air bed
- airborne
- air bounce
- airbrake, air brake
- air-braked, airbraked
- airbrush
- air bubble
- airbus
- air cargo
- air carrier
- air chamber
- Air Chief Marshal
- air cleaner
- Air Commodore
- air compressor
- air-conditioned
- air-conditioner
- air-conditioning
- air-cooled
- air corridor
- aircraft
- aircrew
- air cushion
- air data
- air display
- airdrome
- airdrop
- air duct
- airfield
- air flow
- airflow
- air force
- airframe
- air freight
- air freshener
- air guitar
- airgun
- airhead
- air hole
- air horn, airhorn
- air hose
- air hostess
- airing cupboard
- air intake
- air lane
- airless
- air letter
- airlift
- airline
- airliner
- airlock
- airmail
- airman
- Air Marshal
- air mass, airmass
- air mattress
- air navigation
- air out
- airplane
- air pocket
- airport
- air pressure
- air pump
- air purifier
- air quotes
- air raid
- air reservoir
- air rifle
- airscrew
- air-sea rescue
- air shaft
- airshed
- airship
- air show
- airsick
- airsickness
- air sign
- air-smoothed
- airspace
- Airspeak
- airspeed
- airstream
- airstrike
- airstrip
- airsuit
- air support
- airtaxi
- air terminal
- air ticket
- airtight
- air time
- air-to-air
- air-to-ground
- air-to-surface
- air traffic
- air vent
- Air Vice Marshal
- airwaves
- airway
- airwoman
- airworthiness
- airworthy
- airy
- alkaline air
- breath of fresh air
- build castles in the air
- castle in the air
- catch air
- clear the air
- dead air
- dephlogisticated air
- fire air
- fixed air
- fluoro acid air
- fresh air
- get some air / take some air
- give oneself airs
- hepatic air
- hot air
- inflammable air
- in the air
- into thin air
- mephitic air
- mid-air
- nitrous air
- on air
- on the air
- phlogisticated air
- pure air
- put on airs
- suck the air out of
- too many balls in the air
- turn the air blue
- up in the air
- vital air
- vitriolic acid air
DescendantsEdit
- → Jersey Dutch: êr
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
VerbEdit
air (third-person singular simple present airs, present participle airing, simple past and past participle aired)
- To bring (something) into contact with the air, so as to freshen or dry it.
- To let fresh air into a room or a building, to ventilate.
- It's getting quite stuffy in this room: let's open the windows and air it.
- To discuss varying viewpoints on a given topic.
- 1917, National Geographic, v.31, March 1917:
- Thus, in spite of all opposition, the rural and urban assemblies retained the germ of local government, and in spite of the dual control, as the result of which much of their influence was nullified, they did have a certain value in airing abuses and suggesting improvements.
- 1917, National Geographic, v.31, March 1917:
- (transitive) To broadcast (a television show etc.).
- (intransitive) To be broadcast.
- This game show first aired in the 1990s and is still going today.
- (Britain, MLE, slang) To ignore (a person).
- Why is this girl airing me?
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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AnagramsEdit
CornishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
air m
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French air, from Middle French air, from Old French air, from Latin āēr.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
air m (plural airs, diminutive airtje n)
DescendantsEdit
- Afrikaans: air
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old French air, aire, from Latin āēr.
PronunciationEdit
- IPA(key): /ɛʁ/
audio (file) - Homophones: aire, airent, aires, airs, ère, ères, erre, errent, erres, ers, haire, haires, hère, hères
NounEdit
air m (plural airs)
- air (gases of the atmosphere)
- trou d'air ― air pocket
- résistance de l'air ― air resistance
- tune, aria
- appearance
- avoir l'air ― to appear, to look, to seem
- air de famille ― family resemblance
- air (pretension)
- prendre des airs ― to put on airs
- se donner des airs ― give oneself airs
Derived termsEdit
- air comprimé
- air de famille
- à l'air
- à l'air libre
- appel d'air
- armée de l'air
- au grand air
- avoir l'air
- chambre à air
- changer d'air
- courant d'air
- dans l'air
- dans l'air du temps
- en l'air
- en plein air
- foutre en l'air
- hôtesse de l'air
- les quatre fers en l'air
- libre comme l'air
- mal de l'air
- manche à air
- masse d'air
- ne pas manquer d'air
- pirate de l'air
- pistolet à air
- police de l'air et des frontières
- pomper l'air
- prendre des airs
- prendre l'air
- résistance de l'air
- rifle à air
- se donner des airs
- s'envoyer en l'air
- tête en l'air
- tirant d'air
- trou d'air
Further readingEdit
- “air”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
AnagramsEdit
GothicEdit
RomanizationEdit
air
- Romanization of 𐌰𐌹𐍂
IndonesianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Malay air, from Proto-Malayic *air, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *air, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *wair, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
air (first-person possessive airku, second-person possessive airmu, third-person possessive airnya)
- water
- clear liquid H₂O
- mineral water
- one of the four elements in alchemy
- one of the five basic elements in some other theories
- (colloquial) a cockfight round which started by spraying water to the cock.
Derived termsEdit
- air abu
- air adas
- air adhesif
- air adsorpsi
- air aerial
- air agresif
- air aki
- air alam
- air alami
- air alas
- air alkali
- air ampai
- air ampuh
- air anaerob
- air anggur
- air api
- air aromatik
- air artesis
- air arwah
- air asam
- air asin
- air asli
- air atar
- air awamineral
- air babak
- air bad
- air bah
- air bakat
- air baku
- air balas
- air bawaan
- air bawah permukaan
- air bawah tanah
- air bebas
- air bebas mineral
- air beku
- air belanda
- air bena
- air beras
- air berat
- air bergerak
- air bermineral
- air bersih
- air besar
- air biofilter
- air biru
- air boron
- air bumi
- air celah
- air comberan
- air curah
- air dadih
- air demineralisasi
- air diam
- air didih
- air doa
- air ekstraseluler
- air emas
- air es
- air fosil
- air freatik
- air garam
- air got
- air gravitasi
- air hablur
- air heksagonal
- air hidroskopik
- air hidung
- air higroskopis
- air hitam
- air imbibisi
- air infusan
- air intraselular
- air irigasi
- air jenuh
- air jeruk
- air juvenil
- air kandang
- air kapiler
- air kapur
- air karbonat
- air keling
- air kemih
- air kencing
- air keras
- air ketuban
- air ki
- air kisi
- air koloh-koloh
- air konduktivitas
- air kristalisasi
- air kubangan
- air kujumas
- air kumbahan
- air kumur
- air label ganda
- air landa
- air lata
- air laut
- air laut saniter
- air leding
- air limbah
- air lingkar
- air liur
- air ludah
- air lunak
- air magma
- air malihan
- air mampu curah
- air mancur
- air mandi
- air mani
- air manis
- air maram
- air masin
- air mata
- air mata buaya
- air mata duyung
- air matang
- air mati
- air maulhayat
- air mawar
- air merta jiwa
- air metabolik
- air metabolisme
- air mineral
- air minum
- air muka
- air mustakmal
- air najis
- air normal
- air oligotrofik
- air pasang
- air payau
- air pemandian alam
- air pengisi
- air penyeimbang beban
- air perak
- air perbani
- air permen
- air permukaan
- air pertumbuhan
- air primer
- air purwa
- air pusar
- air putih
- air raksa
- air rasa
- air ruang antara
- air ruban
- air sabun
- air sadah
- air saput
- air sebak
- air segar
- air selera
- air sembahyang
- air sembilan
- air senak
- air seni
- air senyawa
- air serani
- air setaman
- air sisipan
- air soda
- air suci
- air suling
- air suling dua kali
- air sumur
- air suri
- air surut
- air susu
- air susu jolong
- air susu pengganti
- air takbermineral
- air taktersedia
- air talkin
- air tambang asam
- air tanah
- air tanah anteseden
- air tanah bebas
- air tanah lapisan atas
- air tanah limpasan hujan
- air tanah tetap
- air tanah tubir
- air tanih
- air tawar
- air teh
- air tenang
- air tepung tawar
- air terdemineralisasi
- air terikat
- air terjun
- air terminumkan
- air tersedia
- air tersekap
- air tersenyawa
- air timah
- air timpas
- air tolak bala
- air tolak bara
- air tuban
- air utama jiwa
- air wangi
- air wudu
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “air” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
IrishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Irish airid (“ploughs, tills”).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
air (present analytic aireann, future analytic airfidh, verbal noun ar, past participle airthe)
ConjugationEdit
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡ Dependent form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)
NounEdit
air m
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
air (emphatic airsean)
- third-person singular masculine of ar (on him, on it m)
MutationEdit
Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
air | n-air | hair | not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
ReferencesEdit
- "air" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “3 airid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Kedah MalayEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Malayic *air, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *air, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *wair, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
air
- water.
- Air manis
- Sweet water
- Air manis
KeinEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
air
Further readingEdit
LudianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *airo.
NounEdit
air
MalayEdit
EtymologyEdit
First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684AD. From Proto-Malayic *air, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *air, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *wair, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
air (Jawi spelling اٴير, informal 1st possessive airku, 2nd possessive airmu, 3rd possessive airnya)
- water (liquid H2O)
- 2012, Faridah Abdul Rashid, Research on the Early Malay Doctors : 1900-1957 : Malaya and Singapore [2]
- loji rawatan air
- water treatment plant
- loji rawatan air
- 2012, Faridah Abdul Rashid, Research on the Early Malay Doctors : 1900-1957 : Malaya and Singapore [2]
Alternative formsEdit
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary
NormanEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
air m (plural airs)
- air (mixture of gases that make up the earth's atmosphere)
Related termsEdit
Old FrenchEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
air m (oblique plural airs, nominative singular airs, nominative plural air)
- air (mixture of gases that make up the earth's atmosphere)
DescendantsEdit
Old IrishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From the same root as ar (“for”, preposition).
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
air
- for (because, since)
For quotations using this term, see Citations:air.
PohnpeianEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
air
- (transitive) to strip off, as when stripping insulation off a wire
- (transitive) to wipe off a ropelike object by drawing it through one's hand or fingers
- Air mahs keleuen.
- Please wipe the sap off the hibiscus bast.
ScotsEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English air, from Old French air, from Latin āēr.
NounEdit
air (uncountable)
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “air, n.1” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Etymology 2Edit
From Icelandic ar (“mote, speck of dust”).
Alternative formsEdit
NounEdit
air (plural airs)
- (Orkney, Shetland, Caithness, Banff) A small quantity, particle, morsel; pinch (of snuff); whiff; taste
ReferencesEdit
- “air, n.2” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Etymology 3Edit
Perhaps from air. See above.
VerbEdit
air (third-person singular simple present airs, present participle airin, simple past aired, past participle aired)
ReferencesEdit
- “air, v.” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Etymology 4Edit
From Middle English ore, from Old English ār, from Proto-West Germanic *airu.
Alternative formsEdit
- aer (Shetland)
NounEdit
air (plural airs)
ReferencesEdit
- “air, n.3” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Etymology 5Edit
Alternative formsEdit
NounEdit
air (plural airs)
ReferencesEdit
- “air, n.4” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Etymology 6Edit
From Middle English eire.
NounEdit
air (plural airs)
ReferencesEdit
- “air, n.5” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Etymology 7Edit
From Middle English er, from Old English ǣr, from Proto-West Germanic *airi.
Alternative formsEdit
AdverbEdit
air (not comparable)
AdjectiveEdit
air (not comparable)
ReferencesEdit
- “air, adv., adj.” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Scottish GaelicEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Irish for. Cognates include Irish ar and Manx er.
PrepositionEdit
air (+ dative)
- on, upon
- air bàrr a' bhalla ― on top of the wall
- Tha mi air an rathan ― I'm on my way.
- of, concerning
- iomradh air do ghliocas ― a report of thy wisdom
- for, on account of
- air an aobhar sin ― for that reason
- by
- air ainm ― by name
InflectionEdit
Personal inflection of air | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Person | Simple | Emphatic | ||||||
Singular | 1st | orm | ormsa | ||||||
2nd | ort | ortsa | |||||||
3rd m | air | airsan | |||||||
3rd f | oirre | oirrese | |||||||
Plural | 1st | oirnn | oirnne | ||||||
2nd | oirbh | oirbhse | |||||||
3rd | orra | orrasan |
Usage notesEdit
- The word air and its derivates are used in many idioms:
- Dè an t-ainm a tha ort? ― What's your name? (What the name that is on you?)
- Tha an t-acras orm. ― I'm hungry. (The hunger is on me.)
Derived termsEdit
- air dheireadh (“behind; late”)
- air fhichead (“twenty-...”)
- air sgàth (“for the sake of”)
- airson (“for”)
Etymology 2Edit
From Old Irish for. Cognates include Irish air and Manx er.
PronounEdit
air
InflectionEdit
Personal inflection of air | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Person | Simple | Emphatic | ||||||
Singular | 1st | orm | ormsa | ||||||
2nd | ort | ortsa | |||||||
3rd m | air | airsan | |||||||
3rd f | oirre | oirrese | |||||||
Plural | 1st | oirnn | oirnne | ||||||
2nd | oirbh | oirbhse | |||||||
3rd | orra | orrasan |
ReferencesEdit
- Edward Dwelly (1911), “air”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language (John Grant, Edinburgh, 1925, Complied by Malcolm MacLennan)
VepsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *airo.
NounEdit
air
WelshEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
air
- Soft mutation of gair.
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
gair | air | ngair | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |