Wiktionary

се

See also: сэ, сѐ, сё, -се, се-, and Appendix:Variations of "se"

Bulgarian edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Slavic *sę, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sen, from Proto-Indo-European *swé.

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

се • (se)

  1. (reflexive, clitic) the accusative short form of the reflexive pronoun себе си (sebe si), part of reflexive verbs, denoting that the subject is simultaneously the direct object; corresponds to myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
    Обичам се.
    Običam se.
    I love myself.
    Обича се.
    Običa se.
    He/She/It loves himself/herself/itself.
  2. (reciprocal, clitic) accusative reciprocal pronoun, denoting that the agents perform the mutual actions among themselves; corresponds to each other, one another
    Synonym: един друг (edin drug)
    Мария и Петър се обичат.
    Marija i Petǎr se običat.
    Maria and Petar love each other.
  3. (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of autocausative verbs, denoting that the referent represented by the subject combines the activity of actor and undergoes a change of state like a patient
    Петър се обиди.
    Petǎr se obidi.
    Petаr became/was offended.
  4. (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of anticausative verbs, denoting that the subject of the verb undergoes an action or change of state whose agent is unclear or nonexistent
    Вратата се отвори.
    Vratata se otvori.
    The door was opened.
  5. (reflexive, clitic) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and undetermined agent
    От моята къща се вижда морето.
    Ot mojata kǎšta se vižda moreto.
    From my house one can see the sea.
    Говори се, че...
    Govori se, če...
    It is said that...
  6. (reflexive, clitic) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and determined agent
    Писмото се пише от мен.
    Pismoto se piše ot men.
    The letter is being written by me.
    Къщата се проектира от известен архитект.
    Kǎštata se proektira ot izvesten arhitekt.
    The house was designed by a famous architect.
  7. (reflexive, clitic) inherent part of an unergative reflexive or reciprocal verb with no meaning of its own, and an obligatory part of the verb's lexical entry
    Гордея се с работата на Сиву в училище.
    Gordeja se s rabotata na Sivu v učilište.
    I am proud of Sivu's schoolwork.
    Тя се надява да спечели златния медал.
    Tja se nadjava da spečeli zlatnija medal.
    She is hoping to win the gold medal.

Erzya edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Mordvinic *śe, from Proto-Uralic *śe (“it”). Cognates include Moksha ся (śa), Finnish se, Estonian see.

Pronunciation edit

IPA(key): /sʲe/

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Pronoun edit

се • (śe)

  1. (demonstrative) that
    седе мейле ― śeďe mejľe ― after that

Declension edit

Declension of се (śe)
singular plural
nominative се (śe) сеть (śeť), сетне (śetńe)
genitive сень (śeń) сетнень (śetńeń)
dative сенень (śeńeń) сетненень (śetńeńeń)
ablative седе (śeďe) сетнеде (śetńeďe)
inessive сеньсэ (śeńse), сень эйсэ (śeń ejse) сетнесэ (śetńese)
elative сеньстэ (śeńste), сень эйстэ (śeń ejste) сетнестэ (śetńeste)
illative сеньс (śeńs), сень эйс (śeń ejs) сетнес (śetńes)
prolative сеньга (śeńga), сень эзга (śeń ezga) сетнева (śetńeva)
translative сень эзкс (śeń ezks) сетнекс (śetńeks)
abessive сентеме (śenťeme) сетневтеме (śetńevťeme)
comparative сеньшка (śeńška) сетнешка (śetńeška)

References edit

  • B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “се”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
  • Entry #59 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

Ingush edit

Etymology edit

Akin to Chechen сте (ste).

Noun edit

се • (se)

  1. female

Macedonian edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Slavic *sę, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sen, from Proto-Indo-European *swé.

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

се • (se)

  1. Short reflexive direct object pronoun (all persons).
  2. (reflexive, clitic) the accusative short form of the reflexive pronoun себе си, part of reflexive verbs, denoting that the subject is simultaneously the direct object; corresponds to myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
    Се сакам.
    Se sakam.
    I love myself.
    Се сака.
    Se saka.
    He/she/it loves himself/herself/itself.
  3. (reciprocal pronoun, clitic) accusative reciprocal pronoun, denoting that the agents perform the mutual actions among themselves; corresponds to each other, one another
    Марија и Петар се сакаат.
    Marija i Petar se sakaat.
    Maria and Petar love each other.
  4. (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of autocausative verbs, denoting that the referent represented by the subject combines the activity of actor and undergoes a change of state like a patient
    Петар се навреди.
    Petar se navredi.
    Peter became offended.
  5. (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of anticausative verbs, denoting that the subject of the verb undergoes an action or change of state whose agent is unclear or nonexistent
    Вратата се отвори.
    Vratata se otvori.
    The door was opened.
  6. (reflexive, clitic) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and undetermined agent
    Од мојата куќа се гледа морето.
    Od mojata kuḱa se gleda moreto.
    From my house one can see the sea.
    Се вели, дека...
    Se veli, deka...
    It is said that...
  7. (reflexive, clitic, formal) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and determined agent
    Куќата се проектира од познат архитект.
    Kuḱata se proektira od poznat arhitekt.
    The house was designed by a famous architect.
  8. (reflexive, clitic) inherent part of an unergative reflexive or reciprocal verb with no meaning of its own, and an obligatory part of the verb's lexical entry
    Јас се гордеам со школскиот успех на Иво.
    Jas se gordeam so školskiot uspeh na Ivo.
    I am proud of Ivo's success as school.
    Таа се надева дека ќе освои златен медал.
    Taa se nadeva deka ḱe osvoi zlaten medal.
    She is hoping to win the gold medal.

Russian edit

Pronunciation edit

  • Audio(file)

Pronoun edit

се • (sjo)

  1. Alternative spelling of сё (sjo)

Serbo-Croatian edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sę, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sen, from Proto-Indo-European *swé.

Pronoun edit

се (Latin spelling se)

  1. oneself (clitic form of reflexive pronoun)
    1. myself
    2. yourself
    3. himself
    4. herself
    5. itself
    6. ourselves
    7. yourselves
    8. themselves
  2. (by extension, impersonal) Used to convey the meaning of the English passive voice in the third person where the impersonal subject does the verb unto itself
Declension edit
Declension of се
singular plural
nominative — —
genitive се̏бе, се се̏бе
dative се̏би, си се̏би
accusative се̏бе, се се̏бе
vocative — —
locative се̏би се̏би
instrumental со̏бо̄м со̏бом

Etymology 2 edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sь.

Particle edit

се (Latin spelling se)

  1. (obsolete) this is; here is
    • 1404, anonymous, Kočerin tablet, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
      се лежи вигань милошевиꙉь
      Here lies Viganj Milošević.

Tajik edit

Tajik cardinal numbers
 <  2 3 4  > 
    Cardinal : се (se)
    Ordinal : сеюм (seyum)

Etymology edit

From Middle Persian [script needed] (sh /⁠sē⁠/), from Old Persian 𐏂 (ç /⁠çi-⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *θráyah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tráyas, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Cognate with Persian سه (se), Albanian tre, Ancient Greek τρεῖς (treîs), Sanskrit त्रि (tri), Old English þrēo (whence English three), Latin trēs, Old Armenian երեք (erekʻ).

Numeral edit

се • (se)

  1. three
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