בעל
Hebrew
editEtymology 1
editRoot |
---|
ב־ע־ל (b-ʿ-l) |
From Proto-Semitic *baʕl-.
Pronunciation
edit- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): /ˈbaː.ʕal/
- (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA(key): /ˈba.(ʔ)al/
- (Biblical Hebrew) IPA(key): /baʕl/
- Rhymes: -al
Noun
editבַּעַל • (bá'al) m (plural indefinite בְּעָלִים, singular construct בַּעַל־, plural construct בַּעֲלֵי־, feminine counterpart בַּעֲלָה) [pattern: קֶטֶל]
- master, owner
- husband (a man in a marriage or marital relationship, especially in relation to his spouse)
Synonyms
edit- (husband): אִישׁ ('ish)
Noun
editבְּעָל • (bə'al) m
Usage notes
edit- To avoid any ambiguity or hint of sexism, many modern speakers keep the two senses of בעל strictly distinct as follows:
- When בעל has the sense of husband, it is inflected to indicate a possessor. In the case that its possessor is not a personal pronoun, this produces some redundancy; for example, "Miriam's husband" is translated as בעלה של מרים (ba'aláh shel Miryam), which literally means "her-husband of Miriam". (This sort of construction can occur with other nouns as well, but usually only in more formal contexts.)
- When בעל has the sense of owner, it is seldom so inflected.
- However, some speakers do consider it sexist to use בעל with the sense of husband at all, instead preferring the word איש ('ish, “man”), as it is more directly analogous to the word אישה ('isháh, “woman, wife”).
Declension
editDeclension of בַּעַל
Number | Isolated forms | With possessive pronouns | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Form | Person | singular | plural | |||
m. | f. | m. | f. | ||||
singular | indefinite | בַּעַל | first | בַּעֲלִי | בַּעֲלֵנוּ | ||
definite | הַבַּעַל | second | בַּעַלְךָ | בַּעֲלֵךְ | בַּעַלְכֶם | בַּעַלְכֶן | |
construct | בַּעַל־ | third | בַּעֲלוֹ | בַּעֲלָהּ | בַּעֲלָם | בַּעֲלָן | |
plural | indefinite | בְּעָלִים | first | בעליי / בְּעָלַי | בְּעָלֵינוּ | ||
definite | הַבְּעָלִים | second | בְּעָלֶיךָ | בעלייך / בְּעָלַיִךְ | בַּעֲלֵיכֶם | בַּעֲלֵיכֶן | |
construct | בַּעֲלֵי־ | third | בְּעָלָיו | בְּעָלֶיהָ | בַּעֲלֵיהֶם | בַּעֲלֵיהֶן |
Derived terms
edit- בַּעַל דִּין (ba'al dín)
- בַּעַל זְבוּב (bá’al zvuv)
- בַּעַל זָנָב (bá'al zanáv)
- בעל חיים (bá'al ḥayím)
- בַּעַל מִקְצוֹעַ (bá'al miktsóa)
- בַּעַל תְּשׁוּבָה (ba'al-t'shuvá)
Descendants
editSee also
editProper noun
editבַּעַל • (bá'al) m [pattern: קֶטֶל]
- Baal (Canaanite deity)
Descendants
edit- English: Baal
Adjective
editבַּעַל • (bá'al) m (plural indefinite בַּעַלִים, plural construct בַּעַלֵי־, feminine counterpart בַּעַלָה)
- (only in construct form) having, possessing, (endowed) with (plus a nomen rectum, or סומך (somékh) in Hebrew)
- שני האנשים בעלי תואר מצאו עבודה.
- shnei ha'anashím ba'aléi toár mats'ú avodá.
- The two men with degrees found work.
Usage notes
edit- This word can only be used as an adjective in the construct state—סמיכות (smikhút) in Hebrew—where בעל (bá'al) is the inflected נסמך (nismákh) and is followed by another noun, the סומך (somékh) (also known to linguistics in general as the nomen rectum). Together, and following another noun, this construct can thus function as an adjective with the meaning of "having/possessing/(endowed) with noun", where noun is the second part of the construction, the סומך (somékh) or nomen rectum. For an example of how this works, see the usage example provided above.
- Unlike standard Hebrew adjectives, בעל (bá'al) in such constructs is not declined in the same simple way, according to only the grammatical gender and number of the noun it modifies, nor does it carry its definiteness. Rather, בעל (bá'al) in such usage never receives a definite article, even when modifying a definite noun, and it is always inflected in the construct form unique to Hebrew nouns, with the grammatical gender and number of the noun it modifies. The usage example provided above shows use with a masculine plural definite noun, to elucidate these important differences. In this example, the word בעל (bá'al) carries the grammatical gender and number of the noun it modifies, אנשים (anashím), but it is inflected in the construct form and has not inherited the definite article of האנשים.
Etymology 2
editRoot |
---|
ב־ע־ל (b-ʿ-l) |
Verbal form related to the above noun.
Pronunciation
edit- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): /bɔːˈʕal/
- (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA(key): /baˈ(ʔ)al/
Verb
editבָּעַל • (ba'ál) (pa'al construction)
- (dated) to have sexual intercourse
Conjugation
editConjugation of בָּעַל (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms |
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
finite forms | singular | plural | |||
m. | f. | m. | f. | ||
past | first | בָּעַלְתִּי | בָּעַלְנוּ | ||
second | בָּעַלְתָּ | בָּעַלְתְּ | בְּעַלְתֶּם1 | בְּעַלְתֶּן1 | |
third | בָּעַל | בָּעֲלָה | בָּעֲלוּ | ||
present | בּוֹעֵל | בּוֹעֶלֶת | בּוֹעֲלִים | בּוֹעֲלוֹת | |
future | first | אֶבְעַל | נִבְעַל | ||
second | תִּבְעַל | תִּבְעֲלִי | תִּבְעֲלוּ | תִּבְעַלְנָה2 | |
third | יִבְעַל | תִּבְעַל | יִבְעֲלוּ | תִּבְעַלְנָה2 | |
imperative | בְּעַל | בַּעֲלִי | בַּעֲלוּ | בְּעַלְנָה2 | |
notes |
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References
editAnagrams
editCategories:
- Hebrew terms belonging to the root ב־ע־ל
- Hebrew terms inherited from Proto-Semitic
- Hebrew terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Hebrew terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hebrew/al
- Rhymes:Hebrew/al/2 syllables
- Hebrew lemmas
- Hebrew nouns
- Hebrew terms in the pattern קֶטֶל
- Hebrew masculine nouns
- Hebrew proper nouns
- Hebrew terms with usage examples
- Hebrew verbs
- Hebrew pa'al verbs
- Hebrew dated terms
- Hebrew terms with quotations
- he:Male family members
- he:Marriage