קם

Aramaic

Verb

קָם • (qām)

1. to rise, to stand

Hebrew

Root
ק־ו־ם (q-w-m)

Etymology

Common Semitic; see also Arabic قَامَ (qāma), Ge'ez ቆመ (ḳomä), Qatabanian [script needed] (*sqmt), [script needed] (*suqāmat, “planted”, literally “made to stand”), feminine passive causative adjective of [script needed] (*qāma, “to stand”). Possibly also related to שקמה (“sycamore tree”).

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /kam/
• Rhymes: -am

Noun

קָם • (kam) m (plural indefinite קָמִים, singular construct קָמֵי־)

1. foe

Synonyms

• אוֹיֵב (“enemy”)
• שׂוֹנֵא (“hater”)

Verb

קָם • (kam) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction)

1. to rise, stand up
   • Tanach, Genesis 13:17, with translation of the King James Version:

     קוּם הִתְהַלֵּךְ בָּאָרֶץ לְאָרְכָּהּ וּלְרָחְבָּהּ

     kum hithaléch baárets l'orkáh ulrochbáh

     Arise, walk through the land in the length of it and in the breadth of it

   • Tanach, Genesis 37:7, with translation of the King James Version:

     וְהִנֵּה קָמָה אֲלֻמָּתִי וְגַם נִצָּבָה

     v'hiné káma alumatí v'gam nitsáva

     and, lo, my sheaf arose, and also stood upright

2. (with עַל) to become in charge
   • Tanach, Exodus 1:8, with translation of the King James Version:

     וַיָּקָם מֶלֶךְ חָדָשׁ עַל מִצְרָיִם

     vayákom mélech chadásh al mitsráyim

     Now there arose up a new king over Egypt

3. to remain valid
   • Tanach, Numbers 30:5, with translation of the King James Version:

     וְשָׁמַע אָבִיהָ אֶת נִדְרָהּ וֶאֱסָרָהּ אֲשֶׁר אָסְרָה עַל נַפְשָׁהּ וְהֶחֱרִישׁ לָהּ אָבִיהָ וְקָמוּ כָּל נְדָרֶיהָ וְכָל אִסָּר אֲשֶׁר אָסְרָה עַל נַפְשָׁהּ יָקוּם

     v'shamá avíha et nidráh veesaráh ashér as'rá al nafsháh v'hecherísh lah avíha v'kámu kol n'daréha v'chol isár ashér as'rá al nafsháh yakúm

     And her father hear her vow, and her bond wherewith she hath bound her soul, and her father shall hold his peace at her; then all her vows shall stand, and every bond wherewith she hath bound her soul shall stand

4. (with עַל) to attack, initiate an attack
   • Tanach, Deuteronomy 22:26, with translation of the King James Version:

     יָקוּם אִישׁ עַל רֵעֵהוּ וּרְצָחוֹ נֶפֶשׁ

     yakúm ish al reéhu urtsachó néfesh

     a man riseth against his neighbour, and slayeth him

5. (with ב־) to testify as a witness, to accuse
   • Tanach, Deuteronomy 19:15, with translation of the King James Version:

     לֹא יָקוּם עֵד אֶחָד בְּאִישׁ לְכָל עָו‍ֹן

     lo yakúm ed echád b'ish l'chol avón

     One witness shall not rise up against a man for any iniquity

6. to be accounted as, to take the place of
   • Tanach, Deuteronomy 25:6, with translation of DARBY:

     וְהָיָה הַבְּכוֹר אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵד יָקוּם עַל שֵׁם אָחִיו הַמֵּת

     v'hayá hab'chór ashér teléd yakúm al shem achív hamét

     And it shall be, that the firstborn that she beareth shall stand in the name of his brother who is dead

7. (of a prediction or an accusation) to be valid, fulfilled
   • Tanach, 1 Samuel 1:23:

     אַךְ יָקֵם יְהוָה אֶת־דְּבָרוֹ

     akh yaqem Adonai et-d'varo

     Only may the LORD fulfill his word!

Conjugation

Conjugation of קָם (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 

non-finite forms		to-infinitive: לָקוּם action noun: קִימָה
finite forms		singular		plural
		m.	f.	m.	f.
past	first	קַמְתִּי		קַמְנוּ
	second	קַמְתָּ	קַמְתְּ	קַמְתֶּם	קַמְתֶּן
	third	קָם	קָמָה	קָמוּ
present		קָם	קָמָה	קָמִים	קָמוֹת
future	first	אָקוּם		נָקוּם
	second	תָּקוּם	תָּקוּמִי	תָּקוּמוּ	תקומנה / תָּקֹמְנָה1
	third	יָקוּם	תָּקוּם	יָקוּמוּ	תקומנה / תָּקֹמְנָה1
imperative		קוּם	קוּמִי	קוּמוּ	קומנה / קֹמְנָה1
notes		Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Conjugation of קָם (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 

non-finite forms		to-infinitive: לָקוּם action noun: קִימָה
finite forms		singular		plural
		m.	f.	m.	f.
past	first	קַמְתִּי		קַמְנוּ
	second	קַמְתָּ	קַמְתְּ	קַמְתֶּם	קַמְתֶּן
	third	קָם	קָמָה	קָמוּ
present		קָם	קָמָה	קָמִים	קָמוֹת
future	first	אָקוּם		נָקוּם
	second	תָּקוּם	תָּקוּמִי	תָּקוּמוּ	תְּקוּמֶינָה1
	third	יָקוּם	תָּקוּם	יָקוּמוּ	תְּקוּמֶינָה1
imperative		קוּם	קוּמִי	קוּמוּ	קוּמֶינָה1
notes		Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Synonyms

• הִתְעוֹרֵר

References

• H6965 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Lishana Deni

Etymology

From Aramaic קֳדָם (qŏḏām).

Preposition

קם (qam) (combining form קאמ־ (qām-))

1. before, in front of