ב־
AramaicEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
ב־ • (transliteration needed)
InflectionEdit
Inflection table
| Non-personal-pronoun-including form | בְּ־, בּ־, בִּ־, בַּ־, בֶּ־, בָּ־ (bə-, b-, bi-, ba-, be-, bo-) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personal-pronoun- including forms |
Singular | Plural | ||
| Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | |
| First person | בִּי (bī) | בַּנָא (bánā) | ||
| Second person | בָּךְ (bāḵ) | בָּךְ (bāḵ) | בְּכוֹן (bəḵōn) | בְּכֵין (bəḵēn) |
| Third person | בֵּהּ (bēh) | בַּהּ (bah) | בְּהוֹן (bəhōn) | בְּהֵין (bəhēn) |
HebrewEdit
EtymologyEdit
Compare Aramaic ב־, Arabic بِـ (bi-), Ge'ez በ (bä).
PrepositionEdit
בְּ־ • (b'-)
- In (a place or time).
- אֲנִי בַּבִּנְיָן. ― aní babinyán. ― I am in the building.
- טִיַּלְנוּ בְּאַמֶרִיקָה. ― tiyálnu b'amérika. ― We traveled in America.
- הֵם דִּבְּרוּ בַּבֹּקֶר. ― hem dibrú babóker. ― They spoke in the morning.
- With (an abstract noun); often used to form adverbs (like -ly).
- הוּא הִתְכּוֹנֵן בִּזְרִיזוּת. ― hu hitkonén bizrizút. ― He got ready with haste. (=He got ready hastily.)
- אָכַלְתֶּם בְּיַחַד? ― akháltem b'yákhad? ― Did you eat with togetherness? (=Did you eat together?)
- (archaic, introducing a bare infinitive) While, during.
- c. 14th century B.C.E., Deuteronomy 6:7, with translation of the King James Version:,
- וְשִׁנַּנְתָּם לְבָנֶיךָ וְדִבַּרְתָּ בָּם בְּשִׁבְתְּךָ בְּבֵיתֶךָ וּבְלֶכְתְּךָ בַדֶּרֶךְ וּבְשָׁכְבְּךָ וּבְקוּמֶךָ׃
- v'shinantám l'vanékha v'dibárta bam b'shivt'khá b'veitekhá uv'lekht'khá vadárekh uv'shokhb'khá uv'kumékha.
- And thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy children, and shalt talk of them when thou sittest [lit. in-sitting-of-thee] in thine house, and when thou walkest [lit. and-in-walking-of-thee] by the way, and when thou liest down [lit. and-in-lying-of-thee], and when thou risest up [lit. and-in-rising-of-thee].
- Psalms 92:7, with translation of the King James Version:
- בִּפְרֹחַרְשָׁעִים ׀ כְּמוֹ עֵשֶׂב וַיָּצִיצוּ כָּל־פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן לְהִשָּׁמְדָם עֲדֵי־עַד׃
- bifróakh r'sha'ím k'mó ésev vayatsítsu kol-po'aléi áven l'hisham'dám adéi-ád.
- When the wicked spring [lit. in-flowering-of wicked] as the grass, and when all the workers of iniquity do flourish; it is that they shall be destroyed for ever:
- c. 14th century B.C.E., Deuteronomy 6:7, with translation of the King James Version:,
- (introducing a verbal noun) While, during.
- הוּא נָפַל בְּשֵׁינָה. ― hu nafal b'sheina. ― He fell during sleep.
- Among.
- הַיָּפָה בַּנָּשִׁים ― hayafá banashím ― the most beautiful of women (literally, “the beautiful among the women”)
- שלושה בני אדם, בהם ילדה בת שבע ― sh'loshá b'néi-adám, bahém yaldá bát shéva ― three people, among them a seven-year-old girl
- On (a medium of communication).
- רָאִינוּ אֵת זֶה בַּטֶּלֶוִיזְיָה וְשָׁמַעֲנוּ עַל זֶה בָּרַדְיוֹ.
- ra'ínu et ze batelevízya v'shamá'nu al ze barádyo.
- We saw it on TV and heard about it on the radio.
- כָּל הַיּוֹם מְדַבְּרִים בַּטֶּלֶפוֹן!
- kol-hayóm m'dab'rím batélefon!
- All day they talk on the phone!
- (mathematics, followed by a feminine ordinal number) To the power of: Indicating an exponent.
- 2 בַּרְבִיעִית שָׁוֶה 16. ― 2 to the power of four [lit. in the fourth] equals 16.
Usage notesEdit
- Unlike English in, בְּ־ cannot easily mean into; rather, לְ־ (l'-, “to”) is generally used for that sense.
- Like English in, בְּ־ is a fairly weak word; when the sense is that of being in a place, the word בְּתוֹךְ (b'tókh, “within, inside”) may be used as a stronger variant.
- בְּ־ is used in forming dates using the traditional Hebrew months; for example, 17 Tammuz is “17 בתמוז”, literally “17 in Tammuz”. However, לְ־ (l'-, “to”) is sometimes used with the months of the Roman calendar.
- בְּ־ undergoes the same vowel changes as לְ־ (l'-, “to”) and כְּ־ (k'-, “like, as”), including the merger with הַ־ (ha-, “the”); see לְ־ (l'-, “to”).
- Unlike English in, בְּ־ is strictly a preposition, and always takes an object; בִּפְנִים (bif'ním, “in, inside”) is used without an object.
InflectionEdit
Inflection table
| Non-personal-pronoun-including form | בְּ־, בּ־, בִּ־, בַּ־, בֶּ־, בָּ־ (b'-, b-, bi-, ba-, be-, bo-) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personal-pronoun- including forms |
Singular | Plural | ||
| Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | |
| First person | בִּי (bí) | בָּנוּ (bánu) | ||
| Second person | בְּךָ (b'khá) | בָּךְ (bákh) | בָּכֶם (bakhém) | בָּכֶן (bakhén) |
| Third person | בּוֹ (bó) | בָּהּ (báh) | בָּהֶם (bahém), בָּם (bám)1 | בָּהֶן (bahén), בָּן (bán)1 |
| Notes |
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Derived termsEdit
- ביחד (b'yákhad) “together”
- בלבד (bil'vád) “only”
- בעוד (b'ód) “in (a duration of time)”
- בעזרת השם (b'ezrát hashém) “with G-d’s help”
- בוודאי (b'vadái) “certainly, definitely”
- בתוך (b'tókh) “inside, within”
- בצורה (b'tzurá) “in a … form”
- באופן (b'ófen) “in a … way”
- בקושי (b'kóshi) “hardly”
- באמת (beemét) “truly”
- בשביל (bish'víl) “for”
- בגלל (big'lál) “because of”
- בדיוק (bid'yúk) “exactly”
- במקום (bim'qóm) “instead of”
- במקום (bamaqóm) “in place”
- ט״ו בשבט (tú bish'vat) “Tu Bishvat”