Arabic

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Root
خ ص م (ḵ ṣ m)
13 terms

Verb

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خَصَمَ (ḵaṣama) I (non-past يَخْصِمُ (yaḵṣimu), verbal noun خَصْم (ḵaṣm))

  1. to defeat
  2. to deduct, to subtract; to discount

Conjugation

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Descendants

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  • Swahili: -hasimu

Noun

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خَصْم (ḵaṣmm (plural خُصُوم (ḵuṣūm), feminine خَصْم (ḵaṣm))

  1. adversary, opponent

Declension

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Descendants

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Noun

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خَصْم (ḵaṣmm

  1. verbal noun of خَصَمَ (ḵaṣama) (form I)

Declension

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Noun

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خُصْم (ḵuṣmm (plural أَخْصَام (ʔaḵṣām) or خُصُوم (ḵuṣūm))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Declension

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Ottoman Turkish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic خَصْم (ḵaṣm).

Noun

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خصم (hasm, hasım)

  1. enemy
    Synonyms: دشمن (düşman), یاغی (yağı)

Descendants

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References

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Persian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic خَصْم (ḵaṣm).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? xasm
Dari reading? xasm
Iranian reading? xasm
Tajik reading? xasm

Noun

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Dari خصم
Iranian Persian
Tajik хасм

خَسْم (xasm) (plural خصوم (xosum))

  1. (literary) enemy, adversary
    Synonym: دشمن (došman)
    • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 318”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎[3]:
      تو خوش می‌باش با حافظ، برو گو خصم جان می‌ده
      چو گرمی از تو می‌بینم، چه باک از خصم دم سردم
      tu xwaš mē-bāš bā hāfiz, biraw gū xasm jān mē-dah
      čū garmī az tu mē-bēnam či bāk az xasm-i dam sard-am
      Be good to Ḥāfiẓ! Go and tell my rival to give up the soul!
      When I see warmth from you, what is there to fear from the inarticulate [lit. cold-breathed] rival?
      (Classical Persian transliteration)

Derived terms

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Further reading

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South Levantine Arabic

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Root
خ ص م
1 term

Etymology 1

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Learned borrowing from Arabic خَصَمَ (ḵaṣama).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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خصم (ḵaṣam) I (present بخصم (boḵṣom))

  1. to discount (an item)
  2. to give a discount (to someone) (+ ل)
    اخصملي.
    oḵṣomlī
    Give me a discount.
Conjugation
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    Conjugation of خصم (ḵaṣam)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m خصمت (ḵaṣamt) خصمت (ḵaṣamt) خصم (ḵaṣam) خصمنا (ḵaṣamna) خصمتو (ḵaṣamtu) خصمو (ḵaṣamu)
f خصمتي (ḵaṣamti) خصمت (ḵaṣmat)
present m بخصم (baḵṣom) بتخصم (btoḵṣom) بخصم (boḵṣom) منخصم (mnoḵṣom) بتخصمو (btoḵṣomu) بخصمو (boḵṣomu)
f بتخصمي (btoḵṣomi) بتخصم (btoḵṣom)
subjunctive m أخصم (ʔaḵṣom) تخصم (toḵṣom) يخصم (yoḵṣom) نخصم (noḵṣom) تخصمو (toḵṣomu) يخصمو (yoḵṣomu)
f تخصمي (toḵṣomi) تخصم (toḵṣom)
imperative m اخصم (oḵṣom) اخصمو (oḵṣomu)
f اخصمي (oḵṣomi)

Etymology 2

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Learned borrowing from Arabic خَصْم (ḵaṣm).

Noun

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خصم (ḵaṣmm (plural خصوم (ḵuṣūm))

  1. discount, reduction (in price)
    المعاش بدون خصمal-maʔāš bidūn ḵaṣmgross income (lit. income without deductions)