Arabic

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Root
ظ ف ر (ẓ f r)
3 terms

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Semitic *θ̣upr-, *θ̣ipr- (nail, claw). Cognate with Akkadian 𒌢 (ṣuprum) and Biblical Hebrew צִפֹּרֶן (ṣippórɛn).

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ðˤufr/
    • Audio:(file)
  • IPA(key): /ðˤu.fur/

Noun

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ظُفْر or ظُفُر (ẓufr or ẓufurm (plural أَظْفَار (ʔaẓfār) or أَظَافِر (ʔaẓāfir) or أَظْفُر (ʔaẓfur) or أَظَافِير (ʔaẓāfīr))

  1. (anatomy) fingernail
  2. (zoology) claw
    Coordinate term: حَافِر (ḥāfir, hoof)
Declension
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Etymology 2.1

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Root
ظ ف ر (ẓ f r)
3 terms

Pronunciation

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Verb

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ظَفِرَ (ẓafira) I (non-past يَظْفَرُ (yaẓfaru), verbal noun ظَفَر (ẓafar)) [with بِ (bi) or عَلَى (ʕalā)]

  1. to triumph over, to win, to superate
  2. to win, to gain, to receive
Conjugation
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Etymology 2.2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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ظَفَّرَ (ẓaffara) II (non-past يُظَفِّرُ (yuẓaffiru), verbal noun تَظْفِير (taẓfīr))

  1. to make victorious; to grant victory; to aid
    Synonym: نَصَرَ (naṣara)
Conjugation
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Etymology 2.3

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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ظَفَر (ẓafarm

  1. verbal noun of ظَفِرَ (ẓafira) (form I)
  2. obtainment, success, victory
  3. level ground
Declension
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Descendants
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  • Azerbaijani: zəfər
  • Northern Kurdish: zafer
  • Ottoman Turkish: ظفر (zafer)
  • Persian: ظفر (zafar)
  • Uzbek: zafar

References

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  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “ظفر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 87–88
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “ظفر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[2], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1912
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ظفر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[3], London: W.H. Allen, page 656
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “ظفر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[4] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 800

Azerbaijani

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Noun

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ظفر (zəfər) (definite accusative ظفری, plural ظفرلر)

  1. Arabic spelling of zəfər (triumph)

Declension

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Hijazi Arabic

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Root
ظ ف ر
1 term

Etymology

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From Arabic ظُفْر (ẓufr).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /dˤi.fir/, [dˤɪfɪr]

Noun

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ظفر (ḍifirm (construct state ظِفْر (ḍifr), plural أظافر (ʔaḍāfir) or أظافير (ʔaḍāfīr))

  1. nail
  2. fingernail

Ottoman Turkish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic ظَفَر (ẓafar).

Noun

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ظفر (zafer)

  1. victory, triumph

Descendants

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Persian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic ظَفَر (ẓafar).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? zafar
Dari reading? zafar
Iranian reading? zafar
Tajik reading? zafar

Noun

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Dari ظفر
Iranian Persian
Tajik зафар

ظفر (zafar)

  1. victory, triumph
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Descendants

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Urdu

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Persian ظفر (zafar), from Arabic ظَفَر (ẓafar).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ظَفَر (zafarm (Hindi spelling ज़फ़र)

  1. victory, triumph
  2. profit, gain
  3. success