غرض

Arabic

Root
غ ر ض (ḡ r ḍ)
1 term

Verb

غَرِضَ • (ḡariḍa) I (non-past يَغْرَضُ (yaḡraḍu), verbal noun غَرَض (ḡaraḍ))

1. to be vexed, to be distressed
2. to yearn, to long

Conjugation

    Conjugation of غَرِضَ (I, sound, i ~ a, no passive (?), verbal noun غَرَض)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						غَرَض ḡaraḍ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						غَارِض ḡāriḍ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	غَرِضْتُ ḡariḍtu	غَرِضْتَ ḡariḍta	غَرِضَ ḡariḍa		غَرِضْتُمَا ḡariḍtumā	غَرِضَا ḡariḍā		غَرِضْنَا ḡariḍnā	غَرِضْتُمْ ḡariḍtum	غَرِضُوا ḡariḍū
	f		غَرِضْتِ ḡariḍti	غَرِضَتْ ḡariḍat			غَرِضَتَا ḡariḍatā			غَرِضْتُنَّ ḡariḍtunna	غَرِضْنَ ḡariḍna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَغْرَضُ ʔaḡraḍu	تَغْرَضُ taḡraḍu	يَغْرَضُ yaḡraḍu		تَغْرَضَانِ taḡraḍāni	يَغْرَضَانِ yaḡraḍāni		نَغْرَضُ naḡraḍu	تَغْرَضُونَ taḡraḍūna	يَغْرَضُونَ yaḡraḍūna
	f		تَغْرَضِينَ taḡraḍīna	تَغْرَضُ taḡraḍu			تَغْرَضَانِ taḡraḍāni			تَغْرَضْنَ taḡraḍna	يَغْرَضْنَ yaḡraḍna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَغْرَضَ ʔaḡraḍa	تَغْرَضَ taḡraḍa	يَغْرَضَ yaḡraḍa		تَغْرَضَا taḡraḍā	يَغْرَضَا yaḡraḍā		نَغْرَضَ naḡraḍa	تَغْرَضُوا taḡraḍū	يَغْرَضُوا yaḡraḍū
	f		تَغْرَضِي taḡraḍī	تَغْرَضَ taḡraḍa			تَغْرَضَا taḡraḍā			تَغْرَضْنَ taḡraḍna	يَغْرَضْنَ yaḡraḍna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَغْرَضْ ʔaḡraḍ	تَغْرَضْ taḡraḍ	يَغْرَضْ yaḡraḍ		تَغْرَضَا taḡraḍā	يَغْرَضَا yaḡraḍā		نَغْرَضْ naḡraḍ	تَغْرَضُوا taḡraḍū	يَغْرَضُوا yaḡraḍū
	f		تَغْرَضِي taḡraḍī	تَغْرَضْ taḡraḍ			تَغْرَضَا taḡraḍā			تَغْرَضْنَ taḡraḍna	يَغْرَضْنَ yaḡraḍna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِغْرَضْ iḡraḍ			اِغْرَضَا iḡraḍā				اِغْرَضُوا iḡraḍū
	f		اِغْرَضِي iḡraḍī							اِغْرَضْنَ iḡraḍna

Verb

غَرَّضَ • (ḡarraḍa) II (non-past يُغَرِّضُ (yuḡarriḍu), verbal noun تَغْرِيض (taḡrīḍ))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of غَرَّضَ (II, sound, full passive (?), verbal noun تَغْرِيض)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَغْرِيض taḡrīḍ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُغَرِّض muḡarriḍ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُغَرَّض muḡarraḍ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	غَرَّضْتُ ḡarraḍtu	غَرَّضْتَ ḡarraḍta	غَرَّضَ ḡarraḍa		غَرَّضْتُمَا ḡarraḍtumā	غَرَّضَا ḡarraḍā		غَرَّضْنَا ḡarraḍnā	غَرَّضْتُمْ ḡarraḍtum	غَرَّضُوا ḡarraḍū
	f		غَرَّضْتِ ḡarraḍti	غَرَّضَتْ ḡarraḍat			غَرَّضَتَا ḡarraḍatā			غَرَّضْتُنَّ ḡarraḍtunna	غَرَّضْنَ ḡarraḍna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُغَرِّضُ ʔuḡarriḍu	تُغَرِّضُ tuḡarriḍu	يُغَرِّضُ yuḡarriḍu		تُغَرِّضَانِ tuḡarriḍāni	يُغَرِّضَانِ yuḡarriḍāni		نُغَرِّضُ nuḡarriḍu	تُغَرِّضُونَ tuḡarriḍūna	يُغَرِّضُونَ yuḡarriḍūna
	f		تُغَرِّضِينَ tuḡarriḍīna	تُغَرِّضُ tuḡarriḍu			تُغَرِّضَانِ tuḡarriḍāni			تُغَرِّضْنَ tuḡarriḍna	يُغَرِّضْنَ yuḡarriḍna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُغَرِّضَ ʔuḡarriḍa	تُغَرِّضَ tuḡarriḍa	يُغَرِّضَ yuḡarriḍa		تُغَرِّضَا tuḡarriḍā	يُغَرِّضَا yuḡarriḍā		نُغَرِّضَ nuḡarriḍa	تُغَرِّضُوا tuḡarriḍū	يُغَرِّضُوا yuḡarriḍū
	f		تُغَرِّضِي tuḡarriḍī	تُغَرِّضَ tuḡarriḍa			تُغَرِّضَا tuḡarriḍā			تُغَرِّضْنَ tuḡarriḍna	يُغَرِّضْنَ yuḡarriḍna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُغَرِّضْ ʔuḡarriḍ	تُغَرِّضْ tuḡarriḍ	يُغَرِّضْ yuḡarriḍ		تُغَرِّضَا tuḡarriḍā	يُغَرِّضَا yuḡarriḍā		نُغَرِّضْ nuḡarriḍ	تُغَرِّضُوا tuḡarriḍū	يُغَرِّضُوا yuḡarriḍū
	f		تُغَرِّضِي tuḡarriḍī	تُغَرِّضْ tuḡarriḍ			تُغَرِّضَا tuḡarriḍā			تُغَرِّضْنَ tuḡarriḍna	يُغَرِّضْنَ yuḡarriḍna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		غَرِّضْ ḡarriḍ			غَرِّضَا ḡarriḍā				غَرِّضُوا ḡarriḍū
	f		غَرِّضِي ḡarriḍī							غَرِّضْنَ ḡarriḍna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	غُرِّضْتُ ḡurriḍtu	غُرِّضْتَ ḡurriḍta	غُرِّضَ ḡurriḍa		غُرِّضْتُمَا ḡurriḍtumā	غُرِّضَا ḡurriḍā		غُرِّضْنَا ḡurriḍnā	غُرِّضْتُمْ ḡurriḍtum	غُرِّضُوا ḡurriḍū
	f		غُرِّضْتِ ḡurriḍti	غُرِّضَتْ ḡurriḍat			غُرِّضَتَا ḡurriḍatā			غُرِّضْتُنَّ ḡurriḍtunna	غُرِّضْنَ ḡurriḍna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُغَرَّضُ ʔuḡarraḍu	تُغَرَّضُ tuḡarraḍu	يُغَرَّضُ yuḡarraḍu		تُغَرَّضَانِ tuḡarraḍāni	يُغَرَّضَانِ yuḡarraḍāni		نُغَرَّضُ nuḡarraḍu	تُغَرَّضُونَ tuḡarraḍūna	يُغَرَّضُونَ yuḡarraḍūna
	f		تُغَرَّضِينَ tuḡarraḍīna	تُغَرَّضُ tuḡarraḍu			تُغَرَّضَانِ tuḡarraḍāni			تُغَرَّضْنَ tuḡarraḍna	يُغَرَّضْنَ yuḡarraḍna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُغَرَّضَ ʔuḡarraḍa	تُغَرَّضَ tuḡarraḍa	يُغَرَّضَ yuḡarraḍa		تُغَرَّضَا tuḡarraḍā	يُغَرَّضَا yuḡarraḍā		نُغَرَّضَ nuḡarraḍa	تُغَرَّضُوا tuḡarraḍū	يُغَرَّضُوا yuḡarraḍū
	f		تُغَرَّضِي tuḡarraḍī	تُغَرَّضَ tuḡarraḍa			تُغَرَّضَا tuḡarraḍā			تُغَرَّضْنَ tuḡarraḍna	يُغَرَّضْنَ yuḡarraḍna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُغَرَّضْ ʔuḡarraḍ	تُغَرَّضْ tuḡarraḍ	يُغَرَّضْ yuḡarraḍ		تُغَرَّضَا tuḡarraḍā	يُغَرَّضَا yuḡarraḍā		نُغَرَّضْ nuḡarraḍ	تُغَرَّضُوا tuḡarraḍū	يُغَرَّضُوا yuḡarraḍū
	f		تُغَرَّضِي tuḡarraḍī	تُغَرَّضْ tuḡarraḍ			تُغَرَّضَا tuḡarraḍā			تُغَرَّضْنَ tuḡarraḍna	يُغَرَّضْنَ yuḡarraḍna

Noun

غَرَض • (ḡaraḍ) m (plural أَغْرَاض (ʔaḡrāḍ))

1. verbal noun of غَرِضَ (ḡariḍa) (form I)
2. object of will, intention, target, desire, interest

Declension

Declension of noun غَرَض (ḡaraḍ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	غَرَض ḡaraḍ	الْغَرَض al-ḡaraḍ	غَرَض ḡaraḍ
Nominative	غَرَضٌ ḡaraḍun	الْغَرَضُ al-ḡaraḍu	غَرَضُ ḡaraḍu
Accusative	غَرَضًا ḡaraḍan	الْغَرَضَ al-ḡaraḍa	غَرَضَ ḡaraḍa
Genitive	غَرَضٍ ḡaraḍin	الْغَرَضِ al-ḡaraḍi	غَرَضِ ḡaraḍi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	غَرَضَيْن ḡaraḍayn	الْغَرَضَيْن al-ḡaraḍayn	غَرَضَيْ ḡaraḍay
Nominative	غَرَضَانِ ḡaraḍāni	الْغَرَضَانِ al-ḡaraḍāni	غَرَضَا ḡaraḍā
Accusative	غَرَضَيْنِ ḡaraḍayni	الْغَرَضَيْنِ al-ḡaraḍayni	غَرَضَيْ ḡaraḍay
Genitive	غَرَضَيْنِ ḡaraḍayni	الْغَرَضَيْنِ al-ḡaraḍayni	غَرَضَيْ ḡaraḍay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَغْرَاض ʔaḡrāḍ	الْأَغْرَاض al-ʔaḡrāḍ	أَغْرَاض ʔaḡrāḍ
Nominative	أَغْرَاضٌ ʔaḡrāḍun	الْأَغْرَاضُ al-ʔaḡrāḍu	أَغْرَاضُ ʔaḡrāḍu
Accusative	أَغْرَاضًا ʔaḡrāḍan	الْأَغْرَاضَ al-ʔaḡrāḍa	أَغْرَاضَ ʔaḡrāḍa
Genitive	أَغْرَاضٍ ʔaḡrāḍin	الْأَغْرَاضِ al-ʔaḡrāḍi	أَغْرَاضِ ʔaḡrāḍi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: qərəz
• → Northern Kurdish: xered
• → Persian: غرض (ğaraz)
  • → Gujarati: ગરજ (garaj)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: ग़रज़ (ġaraz)

    Urdu: غَرَض (ġaraz)

  • → Marathi: गरज (garaj)
  • → Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਗਰਜ਼ (garaz)

    Shahmukhi script: غَرَض (ġaraẓ)

• → Ottoman Turkish: غرض (ġaraz)

  > Turkish: garaz (inherited)

• → Uyghur: غەرەز (gherez)
• → Uzbek: gʻaraz

Adjective

غَرِض • (ḡariḍ)

1. vexed, distressed

Declension

Declension of adjective غَرِض (ḡariḍ)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	غَرِض ḡariḍ	الْغَرِض al-ḡariḍ	غَرِضَة ḡariḍa	الْغَرِضَة al-ḡariḍa
Nominative	غَرِضٌ ḡariḍun	الْغَرِضُ al-ḡariḍu	غَرِضَةٌ ḡariḍatun	الْغَرِضَةُ al-ḡariḍatu
Accusative	غَرِضًا ḡariḍan	الْغَرِضَ al-ḡariḍa	غَرِضَةً ḡariḍatan	الْغَرِضَةَ al-ḡariḍata
Genitive	غَرِضٍ ḡariḍin	الْغَرِضِ al-ḡariḍi	غَرِضَةٍ ḡariḍatin	الْغَرِضَةِ al-ḡariḍati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	غَرِضَيْن ḡariḍayn	الْغَرِضَيْن al-ḡariḍayn	غَرِضَتَيْن ḡariḍatayn	الْغَرِضَتَيْن al-ḡariḍatayn
Nominative	غَرِضَانِ ḡariḍāni	الْغَرِضَانِ al-ḡariḍāni	غَرِضَتَانِ ḡariḍatāni	الْغَرِضَتَانِ al-ḡariḍatāni
Accusative	غَرِضَيْنِ ḡariḍayni	الْغَرِضَيْنِ al-ḡariḍayni	غَرِضَتَيْنِ ḡariḍatayni	الْغَرِضَتَيْنِ al-ḡariḍatayni
Genitive	غَرِضَيْنِ ḡariḍayni	الْغَرِضَيْنِ al-ḡariḍayni	غَرِضَتَيْنِ ḡariḍatayni	الْغَرِضَتَيْنِ al-ḡariḍatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	—		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	—	—	غَرِضَات ḡariḍāt	الْغَرِضَات al-ḡariḍāt
Nominative	—	—	غَرِضَاتٌ ḡariḍātun	الْغَرِضَاتُ al-ḡariḍātu
Accusative	—	—	غَرِضَاتٍ ḡariḍātin	الْغَرِضَاتِ al-ḡariḍāti
Genitive	—	—	غَرِضَاتٍ ḡariḍātin	الْغَرِضَاتِ al-ḡariḍāti

References

• Freytag, Georg (1835) “غرض”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 269
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “غرض”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[2], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 2247–2248

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic غَرَض (ḡaraḍ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɣa.ˈɾaz]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɣä.ɾǽz]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɣä.ɾǽz]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɣä.ɾǽz]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɣä.ɾǽz]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qæ.ɹǽz]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʁä.ɾǽz]

Readings
Classical reading?	ğaraz
Dari reading?	ğaraz
Iranian reading?	ğaraz
Tajik reading?	ġaraz

Noun

غرض • (ğaraz) (plural اغراض (ağrâz))

1. intention; desire

   Synonyms: نیت (niyyat), انگیزه (angize)

2. self-interest; self-servingness

   اغراض شخصی او ― ağrâz-e šaxsi-ye u ― his personal interests

   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 334:

     چون غرض آمد هنر پوشیده شد
     صد حجاب از دل به سوی دیده شد

     čōn ğaraz āmad hunar pōšīda šud
     sad hijāb az dil ba sōy-i dīda šud

     When self-interest appears, virtue becomes hidden: a hundred veils rise from the heart to the eye.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

3. spite; grudge; rancor

   Synonym: کینه (kine)

   با تو غرض دارند. ― bâ to ğaraz dârand. ― They have a grudge with you.

Urdu

Etymology

First attested in c. 1609 as Middle Hindi غَرَض (ġrẓ), borrowed from Classical Persian غَرَض (ğaraz), from Arabic غَرَض (ḡaraḍ).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɣə.ɾəz/
• Rhymes: -əz
• Hyphenation: غَ‧رَض

Noun

غَرَض • (ġaraz) f (formal plural اَغْرَاض (aġrāz), Hindi spelling ग़रज़)

1. desire, purpose, intention

   Synonyms: مَطْلَب (matlab), حاجَت (hājat), مَقْصَد (maqsad), اِرادَہ (irāda), ہَدَف (hadaf)

2. desire, selfishness

Declension

Declension of غرض
	singular	plural
direct	غَرَض (ġaraz)	غَرَضیں (ġarazẽ)
oblique	غَرَض (ġaraz)	غَرَضوں (ġarazõ)
vocative	غَرَض (ġaraz)	غَرَضو (ġarazo)

Adverb

غَرَض • (ġaraz) (Hindi spelling ग़रज़)

1. in short, in summary

Further reading

• UDB:

  (noun) “غرض”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

  (adverb) “غرض”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

• “غرض”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “غرض”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John Thompson (1884) “غرض”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., →ISBN, →OCLC
• S. W. Fallon (1879) “غرض”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
• John Shakespear (1834) “غرض”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC