غني

See also: عنى, عني, غنى, and غنی

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
غ ن ي (ḡ-n-y)

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /ɣa.niː/

Verb

غَنِيَ • (ḡaniya) I, non-past يَغْنَى‎ (yaḡnā)

1. inhabit, dwell, settle
2. remain, continue to be
3. live, exist
4. to be content, be satisfied with one's lot
5. stay at home, live quietly and wisely

Conjugation

Conjugation of

غَنِيَ

(form-I final-weak, verbal noun غِنًى)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						غِنًى ḡinan
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						غَانٍ ḡānin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَغْنُوّ maḡnuww
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	غَنِيتُ ḡanītu	غَنِيتَ ḡanīta	غَنِيَ ḡaniya		غَنِيتُمَا ḡanītumā	غَنِيَا ḡaniyā		غَنِينَا ḡanīnā	غَنِيتُمْ ḡanītum	غَنُوا ḡanū
	f		غَنِيتِ ḡanīti	غَنِيَتْ ḡaniyat			غَنِيَتَا ḡaniyatā			غَنِيتُنَّ ḡanītunna	غَنِينَ ḡanīna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَغْنَى ʔaḡnā	تَغْنَى taḡnā	يَغْنَى yaḡnā		تَغْنَيَانِ taḡnayāni	يَغْنَيَانِ yaḡnayāni		نَغْنَى naḡnā	تَغْنَوْنَ taḡnawna	يَغْنَوْنَ yaḡnawna
	f		تَغْنَيْنَ taḡnayna	تَغْنَى taḡnā			تَغْنَيَانِ taḡnayāni			تَغْنَيْنَ taḡnayna	يَغْنَيْنَ yaḡnayna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَغْنَى ʔaḡnā	تَغْنَى taḡnā	يَغْنَى yaḡnā		تَغْنَيَا taḡnayā	يَغْنَيَا yaḡnayā		نَغْنَى naḡnā	تَغْنَوْا taḡnaw	يَغْنَوْا yaḡnaw
	f		تَغْنَيْ taḡnay	تَغْنَى taḡnā			تَغْنَيَا taḡnayā			تَغْنَيْنَ taḡnayna	يَغْنَيْنَ yaḡnayna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَغْنَ ʔaḡna	تَغْنَ taḡna	يَغْنَ yaḡna		تَغْنَيَا taḡnayā	يَغْنَيَا yaḡnayā		نَغْنَ naḡna	تَغْنَوْا taḡnaw	يَغْنَوْا yaḡnaw
	f		تَغْنَيْ taḡnay	تَغْنَ taḡna			تَغْنَيَا taḡnayā			تَغْنَيْنَ taḡnayna	يَغْنَيْنَ yaḡnayna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِغْنَ iḡna			اِغْنَيَا iḡnayā				اِغْنَوْا iḡnaw
	f		اِغْنَيْ iḡnay							اِغْنَيْنَ iḡnayna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	غُنِيتُ ḡunītu	غُنِيتَ ḡunīta	غُنِيَ ḡuniya		غُنِيتُمَا ḡunītumā	غُنِيَا ḡuniyā		غُنِينَا ḡunīnā	غُنِيتُمْ ḡunītum	غُنُوا ḡunū
	f		غُنِيتِ ḡunīti	غُنِيَتْ ḡuniyat			غُنِيَتَا ḡuniyatā			غُنِيتُنَّ ḡunītunna	غُنِينَ ḡunīna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُغْنَى ʔuḡnā	تُغْنَى tuḡnā	يُغْنَى yuḡnā		تُغْنَيَانِ tuḡnayāni	يُغْنَيَانِ yuḡnayāni		نُغْنَى nuḡnā	تُغْنَوْنَ tuḡnawna	يُغْنَوْنَ yuḡnawna
	f		تُغْنَيْنَ tuḡnayna	تُغْنَى tuḡnā			تُغْنَيَانِ tuḡnayāni			تُغْنَيْنَ tuḡnayna	يُغْنَيْنَ yuḡnayna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُغْنَى ʔuḡnā	تُغْنَى tuḡnā	يُغْنَى yuḡnā		تُغْنَيَا tuḡnayā	يُغْنَيَا yuḡnayā		نُغْنَى nuḡnā	تُغْنَوْا tuḡnaw	يُغْنَوْا yuḡnaw
	f		تُغْنَيْ tuḡnay	تُغْنَى tuḡnā			تُغْنَيَا tuḡnayā			تُغْنَيْنَ tuḡnayna	يُغْنَيْنَ yuḡnayna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُغْنَ ʔuḡna	تُغْنَ tuḡna	يُغْنَ yuḡna		تُغْنَيَا tuḡnayā	يُغْنَيَا yuḡnayā		نُغْنَ nuḡna	تُغْنَوْا tuḡnaw	يُغْنَوْا yuḡnaw
	f		تُغْنَيْ tuḡnay	تُغْنَ tuḡna			تُغْنَيَا tuḡnayā			تُغْنَيْنَ tuḡnayna	يُغْنَيْنَ yuḡnayna

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /ɣa.nijj/

Adjective

غَنِيّ • (ḡaniyy) (feminine غَنِيَّة (ḡaniyya), masculine plural غَنِيُّونَ (ḡaniyyūna) or أَغْنِيَاء (ʔaḡniyāʔ), feminine plural غَنِيَّات (ḡaniyyāt), elative أَغْنَى (ʔaḡnā))

1. rich, wealthy

   Antonym: فَقِير (faqīr)

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:273:

     لِلْفُقَرَاءِ ٱلَّذِينَ أُحْصِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللّٰهِ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ ضَرْبًا فِي ٱلْأَرْضِ يَحْسَبُهُمُ ٱلْجَاهِلُ أَغْنِيَاءَ مِنَ ٱلتَّعَفُّفِ تَعْرِفُهُم بِسِيمَاهُمْ لَا يَسْأَلُونَ ٱلنَّاسَ إِلْحَافًا وَمَا تُنْفِقُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ ٱللّٰهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ

     li-l-fuqarāʔi llaḏīna ʔuḥṣirū fī sabīli llāhi lā yastaṭīʕūna ḍarban fī l-ʔarḍi yaḥsabuhumu l-jāhilu ʔaḡniyāʔa mina t-taʕaffufi taʕrifuhum bi-sīmāhum lā yasʔalūna n-nāsa ʔilḥāfan wa-mā tunfiqū min ḵayrin fa-ʔinna llāha bihi ʕalīmun

     [Charity is] for the poor who have been restricted for the cause of God, unable to move about in the land. An ignorant one would think them self-sufficient because of their restraint, but you will know them by their sign. They do not ask people persistently. And whatever you spend of good: indeed, God is Knowing of it.

2. in no need [+ عَن (object) = of]
   • a. 1344 C.E., أَبُو حَيَّان الْأَنْدَلُسِيّ (ʔabū ḥayyān al-ʔandalusiyy), البحر المحيط في التفسير [The Encompassing Sea within Exegesis [of the Holy Qur'an]]‎^[1], Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Al-Fikr, published 1999/2000, page 116:

     وَكَذَلِكَ ﴿لِنُحْيِيَ بِهِ بَلْدَةً مَيْتًا﴾ يُرِيدُ بَعْضَ بِلَادِ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُتَبَاعِدِينَ عَنْ مَظَانِّ الْمَاءِ بِخِلَافِ سُكَّانِ الْمُدُنِ فَإِنَّهُمْ قَرِيبُونَ مِنَ الْأَوْدِيَةِ وَالْأَنْهَارِ وَالْعُيُونِ فَهُمْ غَنِيُّونَ غَالِبًا عَنْ سَقْيِ مَاءِ الْمَطَرِ […]

     And as it is [said in the verse:] "So that We might revive [by sending the rain] a lifeless land..."; some nations would like those who are far from a habitat with water, as opposed to the inhabitants of jurisdictions because [the latter] are [already] near the stream-beds and the rivers and the springs, so they are in no need of [and have already] overcome [the dependency upon] irrigation of rainwater […]

Declension

Declension of adjective غَنِيّ (ḡaniyy)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	غَنِي ḡanī	الْغَنِي al-ḡanī	غَنِيَّة ḡaniyya	الْغَنِيَّة al-ḡaniyya
Nominative	غَنِيٌّ ḡaniyyun	الْغَنِيُّ al-ḡaniyyu	غَنِيَّةٌ ḡaniyyatun	الْغَنِيَّةُ al-ḡaniyyatu
Accusative	غَنِيًّا ḡaniyyan	الْغَنِيَّ al-ḡaniyya	غَنِيَّةً ḡaniyyatan	الْغَنِيَّةَ al-ḡaniyyata
Genitive	غَنِيٍّ ḡaniyyin	الْغَنِيِّ al-ḡaniyyi	غَنِيَّةٍ ḡaniyyatin	الْغَنِيَّةِ al-ḡaniyyati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	غَنِيَّيْن ḡaniyyayn	الْغَنِيَّيْن al-ḡaniyyayn	غَنِيَّتَيْن ḡaniyyatayn	الْغَنِيَّتَيْن al-ḡaniyyatayn
Nominative	غَنِيَّانِ ḡaniyyāni	الْغَنِيَّانِ al-ḡaniyyāni	غَنِيَّتَانِ ḡaniyyatāni	الْغَنِيَّتَانِ al-ḡaniyyatāni
Accusative	غَنِيَّيْنِ ḡaniyyayni	الْغَنِيَّيْنِ al-ḡaniyyayni	غَنِيَّتَيْنِ ḡaniyyatayni	الْغَنِيَّتَيْنِ al-ḡaniyyatayni
Genitive	غَنِيَّيْنِ ḡaniyyayni	الْغَنِيَّيْنِ al-ḡaniyyayni	غَنِيَّتَيْنِ ḡaniyyatayni	الْغَنِيَّتَيْنِ al-ḡaniyyatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural‎; basic broken plural diptote		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	غَنِيِّين‎; أَغْنِيَاء ḡaniyyīn‎; ʔaḡniyāʔ	الْغَنِيِّين‎; الْأَغْنِيَاء al-ḡaniyyīn‎; al-ʔaḡniyāʔ	غَنِيَّات ḡaniyyāt	الْغَنِيَّات al-ḡaniyyāt
Nominative	غَنِيُّونَ‎; أَغْنِيَاءُ ḡaniyyūna‎; ʔaḡniyāʔu	الْغَنِيُّونَ‎; الْأَغْنِيَاءُ al-ḡaniyyūna‎; al-ʔaḡniyāʔu	غَنِيَّاتٌ ḡaniyyātun	الْغَنِيَّاتُ al-ḡaniyyātu
Accusative	غَنِيِّينَ‎; أَغْنِيَاءَ ḡaniyyīna‎; ʔaḡniyāʔa	الْغَنِيِّينَ‎; الْأَغْنِيَاءَ al-ḡaniyyīna‎; al-ʔaḡniyāʔa	غَنِيَّاتٍ ḡaniyyātin	الْغَنِيَّاتِ al-ḡaniyyāti
Genitive	غَنِيِّينَ‎; أَغْنِيَاءَ ḡaniyyīna‎; ʔaḡniyāʔa	الْغَنِيِّينَ‎; الْأَغْنِيَاءِ al-ḡaniyyīna‎; al-ʔaḡniyāʔi	غَنِيَّاتٍ ḡaniyyātin	الْغَنِيَّاتِ al-ḡaniyyāti

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: qəni
• → Chagatai: غنی
  • Uyghur: غەنى (gheni)
  • Uzbek: gʻani
• → Ottoman Turkish: غنی (ganî)
  • Turkish: gani
• → Pashto: غني
• → Persian: غنی (ğani)
• → Punjabi: غَنی (ġanī)
• → Sindhi: غني
• → Urdu: غَنی (ġanī)

References

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “غني”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Etymology 2

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /ɣan.niː/

Verb

غَنِّي • (ḡannī) (form II)

1. second-person feminine singular active imperative of غَنَّى (ḡannā)

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /ɣun.ni.ja/

Verb

غُنِّيَ • (ḡunniya) (form II)

1. third-person masculine singular past passive of غَنَّى (ḡannā)

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic غَنِيّ (ḡaniyy).

Adjective

غَنِي • (ġanī) (Devanagari ग़नी)

1. rich

Further reading

• “غني”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866-1938