قفس

See also: فقس and قفش

Ottoman Turkish

قفس

قفس

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian قَفَس (qafas), itself from Arabic قَفَص (qafaṣ).

Noun

قفس • (kafes) (plural قفسلر (kafesler))

1. birdcage, any cage used to keep birds and poultry in
2. latticework, treillage, grating

   Synonym: شبكه (şebeke)

3. (architecture) frame of a wooden house
4. kafes, a section of the imperial harem where princes where kept under house-arrest [from 1617]

   Synonym: چمشیرلك (çimşirlik)

5. (figuratively) skeleton of a man or beast

   Synonym: اسكلت (iskelet)

Derived terms

• قفسجی (kafesci, “lattice-maker”)
• قفسلمك (kafeslemek, “to cage, to coop in”)
• قفسلو (kafeslü, “grated”)
• قفسی (kafesî, “lattice-shaped”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: kafes
• → Albanian: kafaz
• → Armenian: խաֆես (xafes), կաֆաս (kafas)
• → Bulgarian: кафе́з (kaféz)
• → Crimean Tatar: qafes
• → Greek: καφάσι (kafási), καφασωτός (kafasotós)
• → Macedonian: кафез (kafez)
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: ка̀вез

  Latin script: kàvez

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kafes”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2327
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قفس”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 966b
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Cavea”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 163
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قفس”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, columns 3734–3735
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kafes”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قفس”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1467

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَفَص (qafaṣ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [qa.ˈfas]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.fǽs]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.fǽs]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qä.fǽs]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qä.fǽs]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qæ.fǽs]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.fǽs]

Readings
Classical reading?	qafas
Dari reading?	qafas
Iranian reading?	ğafas
Tajik reading?	qafas

Noun

Dari	قفس
Iranian Persian
Tajik	қафас

قَفَس • (qafas) (plural قفس‌ها (qafas-hâ))

1. cage
   • 2007, Moein, “Jodayi [جدایی]”, in Tolou:

     بنویس فرصت موندن یه نفس بود
     سهم من از همه دنیا یه قفس بود

     benevis, forsat-e mundan ye nafas bud
     sahm-e man az hame donyâ ye qafas bud

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• قفسه (qafase, “cupboard”)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: qəfəs
• → Gujarati: કફસ (kaphas)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: क़फ़स (qafas)

  Urdu: قَفَس (qafas)

• → Uyghur: قەپەز (qepez)
• → Ottoman Turkish: قفس (kafes)
  • Turkish: kafes
  • → Albanian: kafaz
  • → Armenian: խաֆես (xafes), կաֆաս (kafas)
  • → Bulgarian: кафе́з (kaféz)
  • → Crimean Tatar: qafes
  • → Greek: καφάσι (kafási), καφασωτός (kafasotós)
  • → Macedonian: кафез (kafez)
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ка̀вез

    Latin script: kàvez

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian قَفَس (qafas), from Arabic قَفَص (qafaṣ).

Noun

قَفَس • (qafas) m (Hindi spelling क़फ़स)

1. cage
2. prison