مد

See also: مذ

Arabic

Root
م د د (m d d)
15 terms

Etymology 1

Compare مَتَّ (matta) and مَطَّ (maṭṭa). Cognate with Akkadian 𒉘 (madādum, “to measure”).

Verb

مَدَّ • (madda) I (non-past يَمُدُّ (yamuddu), verbal noun مَدّ (madd)) (transitive)

1. to extend, to stretch, to spread out, to lay out

   اُمْدُدْ يَدَكَ / مُدَّ يَدَكَ.

   umdud yadaka / mudda yadaka.

   Extend your hand.

2. to help, to support
3. to supply, to provide

Conjugation

    Conjugation of مَدَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, full passive, verbal noun مَدّ)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						مَدّ madd
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مَادّ mādd
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَمْدُود mamdūd
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مَدَدْتُ madadtu	مَدَدْتَ madadta	مَدَّ madda		مَدَدْتُمَا madadtumā	مَدَّا maddā		مَدَدْنَا madadnā	مَدَدْتُمْ madadtum	مَدُّوا maddū
	f		مَدَدْتِ madadti	مَدَّتْ maddat			مَدَّتَا maddatā			مَدَدْتُنَّ madadtunna	مَدَدْنَ madadna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَمُدُّ ʔamuddu	تَمُدُّ tamuddu	يَمُدُّ yamuddu		تَمُدَّانِ tamuddāni	يَمُدَّانِ yamuddāni		نَمُدُّ namuddu	تَمُدُّونَ tamuddūna	يَمُدُّونَ yamuddūna
	f		تَمُدِّينَ tamuddīna	تَمُدُّ tamuddu			تَمُدَّانِ tamuddāni			تَمْدُدْنَ tamdudna	يَمْدُدْنَ yamdudna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَمُدَّ ʔamudda	تَمُدَّ tamudda	يَمُدَّ yamudda		تَمُدَّا tamuddā	يَمُدَّا yamuddā		نَمُدَّ namudda	تَمُدُّوا tamuddū	يَمُدُّوا yamuddū
	f		تَمُدِّي tamuddī	تَمُدَّ tamudda			تَمُدَّا tamuddā			تَمْدُدْنَ tamdudna	يَمْدُدْنَ yamdudna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَمُدَّ, أَمُدِّ, أَمْدُدْ ʔamudda, ʔamuddi, ʔamdud	تَمُدَّ, تَمُدِّ, تَمْدُدْ tamudda, tamuddi, tamdud	يَمُدَّ, يَمُدِّ, يَمْدُدْ yamudda, yamuddi, yamdud		تَمُدَّا tamuddā	يَمُدَّا yamuddā		نَمُدَّ, نَمُدِّ, نَمْدُدْ namudda, namuddi, namdud	تَمُدُّوا tamuddū	يَمُدُّوا yamuddū
	f		تَمُدِّي tamuddī	تَمُدَّ, تَمُدِّ, تَمْدُدْ tamudda, tamuddi, tamdud			تَمُدَّا tamuddā			تَمْدُدْنَ tamdudna	يَمْدُدْنَ yamdudna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		مُدَّ, مُدِّ, اُمْدُدْ mudda, muddi, umdud			مُدَّا muddā				مُدُّوا muddū
	f		مُدِّي muddī							اُمْدُدْنَ umdudna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مُدِدْتُ mudidtu	مُدِدْتَ mudidta	مُدَّ mudda		مُدِدْتُمَا mudidtumā	مُدَّا muddā		مُدِدْنَا mudidnā	مُدِدْتُمْ mudidtum	مُدُّوا muddū
	f		مُدِدْتِ mudidti	مُدَّتْ muddat			مُدَّتَا muddatā			مُدِدْتُنَّ mudidtunna	مُدِدْنَ mudidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُمَدُّ ʔumaddu	تُمَدُّ tumaddu	يُمَدُّ yumaddu		تُمَدَّانِ tumaddāni	يُمَدَّانِ yumaddāni		نُمَدُّ numaddu	تُمَدُّونَ tumaddūna	يُمَدُّونَ yumaddūna
	f		تُمَدِّينَ tumaddīna	تُمَدُّ tumaddu			تُمَدَّانِ tumaddāni			تُمْدَدْنَ tumdadna	يُمْدَدْنَ yumdadna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُمَدَّ ʔumadda	تُمَدَّ tumadda	يُمَدَّ yumadda		تُمَدَّا tumaddā	يُمَدَّا yumaddā		نُمَدَّ numadda	تُمَدُّوا tumaddū	يُمَدُّوا yumaddū
	f		تُمَدِّي tumaddī	تُمَدَّ tumadda			تُمَدَّا tumaddā			تُمْدَدْنَ tumdadna	يُمْدَدْنَ yumdadna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُمَدَّ, أُمَدِّ, أُمْدَدْ ʔumadda, ʔumaddi, ʔumdad	تُمَدَّ, تُمَدِّ, تُمْدَدْ tumadda, tumaddi, tumdad	يُمَدَّ, يُمَدِّ, يُمْدَدْ yumadda, yumaddi, yumdad		تُمَدَّا tumaddā	يُمَدَّا yumaddā		نُمَدَّ, نُمَدِّ, نُمْدَدْ numadda, numaddi, numdad	تُمَدُّوا tumaddū	يُمَدُّوا yumaddū
	f		تُمَدِّي tumaddī	تُمَدَّ, تُمَدِّ, تُمْدَدْ tumadda, tumaddi, tumdad			تُمَدَّا tumaddā			تُمْدَدْنَ tumdadna	يُمْدَدْنَ yumdadna

Antonyms

• قَصَرَ (qaṣara)

Noun

مَدّ • (madd) m

1. verbal noun of مَدَّ (madda) (form I)
2. flow of the sea, rising tide (when the ebb has ceased)

   Antonym: جَزْر (jazr)

Declension

Declension of noun مَدّ (madd)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مَدّ madd	الْمَدّ al-madd	مَدّ madd
nominative	مَدٌّ maddun	الْمَدُّ al-maddu	مَدُّ maddu
accusative	مَدًّا maddan	الْمَدَّ al-madda	مَدَّ madda
genitive	مَدٍّ maddin	الْمَدِّ al-maddi	مَدِّ maddi

Antonyms

• قَصْر (qaṣr)

Etymology 2

Probably via Aramaic 𐡬𐡣𐡩𐡠 (mdyʾ) / מוֹדְיָא (moḏyā) / ܡܘܿܕܝܳܐ (moḏyā) from Akkadian 𒉘𒈨𒌍 (/⁠maddattu, middattu⁠/, “a measure of capacity for dates, water, and other things; a vessel”), whence also Ancient Greek μόδιος (módios) and Latin modius. Take the rarer volume measure names Arabic مُدْي (mudy) and Old Armenian մոդ (mod) into account.

Noun

مُدّ • (mudd) m (plural أَمْدَاد (ʔamdād) or مِدَاد (midād))

1. a dry measure varying in size by several liters [to 20^th c.]

Declension

Declension of noun مُدّ (mudd)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مُدّ mudd	الْمُدّ al-mudd	مُدّ mudd
nominative	مُدٌّ muddun	الْمُدُّ al-muddu	مُدُّ muddu
accusative	مُدًّا muddan	الْمُدَّ al-mudda	مُدَّ mudda
genitive	مُدٍّ muddin	الْمُدِّ al-muddi	مُدِّ muddi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مُدَّيْن muddayn	الْمُدَّيْن al-muddayn	مُدَّيْ mudday
nominative	مُدَّانِ muddāni	الْمُدَّانِ al-muddāni	مُدَّا muddā
accusative	مُدَّيْنِ muddayni	الْمُدَّيْنِ al-muddayni	مُدَّيْ mudday
genitive	مُدَّيْنِ muddayni	الْمُدَّيْنِ al-muddayni	مُدَّيْ mudday
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَمْدَاد‎; مِدَاد ʔamdād‎; midād	الْأَمْدَاد‎; الْمِدَاد al-ʔamdād‎; al-midād	أَمْدَاد‎; مِدَاد ʔamdād‎; midād
nominative	أَمْدَادٌ‎; مِدَادٌ ʔamdādun‎; midādun	الْأَمْدَادُ‎; الْمِدَادُ al-ʔamdādu‎; al-midādu	أَمْدَادُ‎; مِدَادُ ʔamdādu‎; midādu
accusative	أَمْدَادًا‎; مِدَادًا ʔamdādan‎; midādan	الْأَمْدَادَ‎; الْمِدَادَ al-ʔamdāda‎; al-midāda	أَمْدَادَ‎; مِدَادَ ʔamdāda‎; midāda
genitive	أَمْدَادٍ‎; مِدَادٍ ʔamdādin‎; midādin	الْأَمْدَادِ‎; الْمِدَادِ al-ʔamdādi‎; al-midādi	أَمْدَادِ‎; مِدَادِ ʔamdādi‎; midādi

Descendants

• → Indonesian: mud
• → Javanese: mud
• Maltese: modd
• Spanish: almud
• → Sundanese: mud, emud

Moroccan Arabic

Root
م د د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic مَدَّ (madda).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /madd/

Verb

مد • (madd) I (non-past يمد (ymudd), verbal noun مدان (muddān))

1. to extend, to stretch
2. to hand, to pass

   مد لي شي فلوس باش نقدر نخلّص الكراء.

   mudd li ši flūs bāš naqdar nḵallaṣ krāya

   Lend me some money so I can pay the rent.

   (literally, “Pass me some money so I can pay my rent.”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of مد

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	مدّيت (maddīt)	مدّيتي (maddīti)	مدّ (madd)		مدّينا (maddīna)	مدّيتوا (maddītu)	مدّوا (maddu)
	f			مدّت (maddāt)
non-past	m	نمدّ (nmudd)	تمدّ (tmudd)	يمدّ (ymudd)		نمدّوا (nmuddu)	تمدّوا (tmuddu)	يمدّوا (ymuddu)
	f		تمدّي (tmuddi)	تمدّ (tmudd)
imperative	m		مدّ (mudd)				مدّوا (muddu)
	f		مدّي (muddi)

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French mode.

Pronunciation

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mod̪̥]

Readings
Iranian reading?	mod

Noun

Dari	فشن
Iranian Persian	فشن / مد
Tajik	муд

مُد • (mod)

1. fashion

   صنعت مد ― san'at-e mod ― fashion industry

2. (statistics) mode (most frequent value)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic مَدّ (madd).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [madð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäd̪(ː)]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäd̪(ː)]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mäd̪(ː)]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mäd̪(ː)]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mæd̪̥(ː)]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mäd̪(ː)]

Readings
Classical reading?	maḏḏ
Dari reading?	madd
Iranian reading?	madd
Tajik reading?	madd

Noun

مد • (madd)

1. extent, reach
   • c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 138:

     نمی‌خواهم که ابرویت مرا مد نظر گردد
     که از وصل تو درد و فرقت من بیشتر گردد

     na-mē-xwāham ki abrūyat ma-rā madd-i nazar gardad
     ki az wasl-i tō dard u furqat-i man bēštar gardad

     I do not want your eyebrows to enter the reach of my sight,
     For my pain and my longing grow greater upon meeting you.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “مد”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

South Levantine Arabic

Root
م د د
3 terms

Etymology

From Arabic مَدَّ (madda).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /madd/, [mad]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

مدّ • (madd) I (present بمدّ (bimidd))

1. to extend, to stretch

Conjugation

Conjugation of مد

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	مدّيت (maddēt)	مدّيت (maddēt)	مدّ (madd)		مدّينا (maddēna)	مدّيتو (maddētu)	مدّو (maddu)
	f		مدّيتي (maddēti)	مدّت (maddat)
present	m	بمدّ (bamidd)	بتمدّ (bitmidd)	بمدّ (bimidd)		منمدّ (minmidd)	بتمدّو (bitmiddu)	بمدّو (bimiddu)
	f		بتمدّي (bitmiddi)	بتمدّ (bitmidd)
subjunctive	m	امدّ (amidd)	تمدّ (tmidd)	يمدّ (ymidd)		نمدّ (nmidd)	تمدّو (tmiddu)	يمدّو (ymiddu)
	f		تمدّي (tmiddi)	تمدّ (tmidd)
imperative	m		مدّ (midd)				مدّو (middu)
	f		مدّي (middi)