مفتوح

Arabic

Etymology

Root
ف ت ح (f t ḥ)
16 terms

Derived from the passive participle of فَتَحَ (fataḥa, “to open”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /maf.tuːħ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

مَفْتُوح • (maftūḥ) (feminine مَفْتُوحَة (maftūḥa), masculine plural مَفْتُوحُونَ (maftūḥūna), feminine plural مَفْتُوحَات (maftūḥāt))

1. open

   Antonym: مُغْلَق (muḡlaq)

2. (grammar) followed by the vowel sign fatḥa

   Hypernym: مُعْجَم (muʕjam)

   Coordinate terms: مَكْسُور (maksūr), مَضْمُوم (maḍmūm)

Declension

Declension of adjective مَفْتُوح (maftūḥ)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مَفْتُوح maftūḥ	الْمَفْتُوح al-maftūḥ	مَفْتُوحَة maftūḥa	الْمَفْتُوحَة al-maftūḥa
Nominative	مَفْتُوحٌ maftūḥun	الْمَفْتُوحُ al-maftūḥu	مَفْتُوحَةٌ maftūḥatun	الْمَفْتُوحَةُ al-maftūḥatu
Accusative	مَفْتُوحًا maftūḥan	الْمَفْتُوحَ al-maftūḥa	مَفْتُوحَةً maftūḥatan	الْمَفْتُوحَةَ al-maftūḥata
Genitive	مَفْتُوحٍ maftūḥin	الْمَفْتُوحِ al-maftūḥi	مَفْتُوحَةٍ maftūḥatin	الْمَفْتُوحَةِ al-maftūḥati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مَفْتُوحَيْن maftūḥayn	الْمَفْتُوحَيْن al-maftūḥayn	مَفْتُوحَتَيْن maftūḥatayn	الْمَفْتُوحَتَيْن al-maftūḥatayn
Nominative	مَفْتُوحَانِ maftūḥāni	الْمَفْتُوحَانِ al-maftūḥāni	مَفْتُوحَتَانِ maftūḥatāni	الْمَفْتُوحَتَانِ al-maftūḥatāni
Accusative	مَفْتُوحَيْنِ maftūḥayni	الْمَفْتُوحَيْنِ al-maftūḥayni	مَفْتُوحَتَيْنِ maftūḥatayni	الْمَفْتُوحَتَيْنِ al-maftūḥatayni
Genitive	مَفْتُوحَيْنِ maftūḥayni	الْمَفْتُوحَيْنِ al-maftūḥayni	مَفْتُوحَتَيْنِ maftūḥatayni	الْمَفْتُوحَتَيْنِ al-maftūḥatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مَفْتُوحِين maftūḥīn	الْمَفْتُوحِين al-maftūḥīn	مَفْتُوحَات maftūḥāt	الْمَفْتُوحَات al-maftūḥāt
Nominative	مَفْتُوحُونَ maftūḥūna	الْمَفْتُوحُونَ al-maftūḥūna	مَفْتُوحَاتٌ maftūḥātun	الْمَفْتُوحَاتُ al-maftūḥātu
Accusative	مَفْتُوحِينَ maftūḥīna	الْمَفْتُوحِينَ al-maftūḥīna	مَفْتُوحَاتٍ maftūḥātin	الْمَفْتُوحَاتِ al-maftūḥāti
Genitive	مَفْتُوحِينَ maftūḥīna	الْمَفْتُوحِينَ al-maftūḥīna	مَفْتُوحَاتٍ maftūḥātin	الْمَفْتُوحَاتِ al-maftūḥāti

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

• մէֆթուհ (meftuh) — Armeno-Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَفْتُوح (maftūḥ, “open”).

Adjective

مفتوح • (meftuh)

1. open, able to be accessed, not closed

   Synonyms: آچلمش (açılmış), آچق (açık), باز (baz)

2. (of a country) captured, conquered
3. explained, revealed, manifest, unfolded

Descendants

• Turkish: meftuh

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “meftuh”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3110
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “مفتوح”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1201
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Apertus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 70
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “مفتوح”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, column 4807
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مفتوح”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1931

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَفْتُوح (maftūḥ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [maf.ˈtuːh]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäf.t̪ʰúːʱ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäf.t̪ʰúːʱ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mäf.t̪ʰúː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mäf.t̪ʰú]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mæf.t̪ʰúːʰ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mäf.t̪ʰɵ́ʰ]

Readings
Classical reading?	maftūh
Dari reading?	maftūh
Iranian reading?	maftuh
Tajik reading?	maftuh

Adjective

مفتوح • (maftuh) (formal)

1. open, opened

   Synonyms: باز شده (bâz šode), گشایش یافته (gošâyeš yâfte)

   • 2024 May 12, “«چرا شما را نمی‌گیرن؟»؛ صادق زیباکلام زندانی شد”, in bbc.com/persian‎^[5], BBC Persian:

     آقای زیباکلام سه پرونده قضائی مفتوح داشت. اتهام او در پرونده اول و دوم «فعالیت تبلیغی علیه نظام» و در پرونده سوم، «نشر مطالب خلاف واقع» بود.

     âqâ-ye zibâkalâm se parvande-ye qazâ'i-ye maftuh dâšt. ettehâm-e u dar parvande-ye avval o dovvom "fa'âliyat-e tabliği aleyh-e nezâm" va dar parvande-ye sevvom, "našr-e matâleb-e xelâf-e vâqe'" bud.

     Mr. Zibakalam had three open legal cases. In the first and second cases, he was accused of "propaganda activity against the system," and in the third, of "dissemination of topics contrary to fact."

2. conquered, subjugated

   Synonym: فتح شده (fath šode)

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “مفتوح”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ف ت ح
5 terms

Etymology

From Arabic مَفْتُوح (maftūḥ). Equivalent to the passive participle of فتح (fataḥ, “to open”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /maf.tuːħ/, [mafˈtuːħ]

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

Adjective

مفتوح • (maftūḥ) (feminine مفتوحة (maftūḥa))

1. open (of an object)

   Antonym: مسكّر (msakkar)

See also

• فاتح (fāteḥ, “open (shop, business etc.)”)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian مفتوح (maftūḥ), from Arabic مَفْتُوح (maftūḥ).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /məf.t̪uː(ɦ)/
• Rhymes: -uːɦ
• Hyphenation: مَف‧تُوح

Adjective

مَفْتُوح • (maftūh) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling मफ़्तूह)

1. conquered; captured (related to فَتْح (fath))
2. (formal) open (of a door etc.)

   Synonym: کُھلا (khulā)

   • 1899, رویائے صادقہ [A Fulfilled Vision]‎^[6], page 210:

     کل دُنیاوی ترقیوں کے دروازے ہمارے لئے مفتوح تھے۔

     kal dunyāvī taraqqiyõ ke darvāze hamāre liye maftūh the.

     Yesterday, the gates to the materialistic advancements were open for us.

3. (grammar) followed by a fatha
4. (figurative) naked

See also

Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root ف ت ح‎ (0 c, 2 e)

Further reading

• “مفتوح”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “مفتوح”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “مفتوح”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “مفتوح”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 1052