فتح

See also: قبح and ف ت ح

Arabic

Root
ف ت ح (f-t-ḥ)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *pataḥ-. Cognate with Akkadian 𒉿𒌅𒌑𒌝 (petûm) and Biblical Hebrew פָּתַח (pɔṯaḥ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fa.ta.ħa/

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

فَتَحَ • (fataḥa) I, non-past يَفْتَحُ‎ (yaftaḥu)

1. (transitive) to open (“to make something accessible”)

   Antonym: أَغْلَقَ (ʔaḡlaqa)

   • 2003, Alaa Al Aswaany, chapter 2, in The Yacoubian building, Maktaba Madbouly:

     فَتَحَ زَكِي عَيْنَيْهِ

     fataḥa zakī ʕaynayhi

     Zaki opened his eyes.

2. to conquer, occupy, take possession of
3. (construed with عَلَى (ʕalā)) to disclose to
4. to explain, expound
5. to prompt
6. to assist
7. to begin
8. to decide

   فَتَحَ الْفَأْل ― fataḥa l-faʔl ― to take as an omen

9. to mark (a consonant) with a fatha
10. to offer (a price)
11. to broach (a subject)

Conjugation

Conjugation of

فَتَحَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun فَتْح)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						فَتْح fatḥ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						فَاتِح fātiḥ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَفْتُوح maftūḥ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	فَتَحْتُ fataḥtu	فَتَحْتَ fataḥta	فَتَحَ fataḥa		فَتَحْتُمَا fataḥtumā	فَتَحَا fataḥā		فَتَحْنَا fataḥnā	فَتَحْتُمْ fataḥtum	فَتَحُوا fataḥū
	f		فَتَحْتِ fataḥti	فَتَحَتْ fataḥat			فَتَحَتَا fataḥatā			فَتَحْتُنَّ fataḥtunna	فَتَحْنَ fataḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَفْتَحُ ʔaftaḥu	تَفْتَحُ taftaḥu	يَفْتَحُ yaftaḥu		تَفْتَحَانِ taftaḥāni	يَفْتَحَانِ yaftaḥāni		نَفْتَحُ naftaḥu	تَفْتَحُونَ taftaḥūna	يَفْتَحُونَ yaftaḥūna
	f		تَفْتَحِينَ taftaḥīna	تَفْتَحُ taftaḥu			تَفْتَحَانِ taftaḥāni			تَفْتَحْنَ taftaḥna	يَفْتَحْنَ yaftaḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَفْتَحَ ʔaftaḥa	تَفْتَحَ taftaḥa	يَفْتَحَ yaftaḥa		تَفْتَحَا taftaḥā	يَفْتَحَا yaftaḥā		نَفْتَحَ naftaḥa	تَفْتَحُوا taftaḥū	يَفْتَحُوا yaftaḥū
	f		تَفْتَحِي taftaḥī	تَفْتَحَ taftaḥa			تَفْتَحَا taftaḥā			تَفْتَحْنَ taftaḥna	يَفْتَحْنَ yaftaḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَفْتَحْ ʔaftaḥ	تَفْتَحْ taftaḥ	يَفْتَحْ yaftaḥ		تَفْتَحَا taftaḥā	يَفْتَحَا yaftaḥā		نَفْتَحْ naftaḥ	تَفْتَحُوا taftaḥū	يَفْتَحُوا yaftaḥū
	f		تَفْتَحِي taftaḥī	تَفْتَحْ taftaḥ			تَفْتَحَا taftaḥā			تَفْتَحْنَ taftaḥna	يَفْتَحْنَ yaftaḥna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِفْتَحْ iftaḥ			اِفْتَحَا iftaḥā				اِفْتَحُوا iftaḥū
	f		اِفْتَحِي iftaḥī							اِفْتَحْنَ iftaḥna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	فُتِحْتُ futiḥtu	فُتِحْتَ futiḥta	فُتِحَ futiḥa		فُتِحْتُمَا futiḥtumā	فُتِحَا futiḥā		فُتِحْنَا futiḥnā	فُتِحْتُمْ futiḥtum	فُتِحُوا futiḥū
	f		فُتِحْتِ futiḥti	فُتِحَتْ futiḥat			فُتِحَتَا futiḥatā			فُتِحْتُنَّ futiḥtunna	فُتِحْنَ futiḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُفْتَحُ ʔuftaḥu	تُفْتَحُ tuftaḥu	يُفْتَحُ yuftaḥu		تُفْتَحَانِ tuftaḥāni	يُفْتَحَانِ yuftaḥāni		نُفْتَحُ nuftaḥu	تُفْتَحُونَ tuftaḥūna	يُفْتَحُونَ yuftaḥūna
	f		تُفْتَحِينَ tuftaḥīna	تُفْتَحُ tuftaḥu			تُفْتَحَانِ tuftaḥāni			تُفْتَحْنَ tuftaḥna	يُفْتَحْنَ yuftaḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُفْتَحَ ʔuftaḥa	تُفْتَحَ tuftaḥa	يُفْتَحَ yuftaḥa		تُفْتَحَا tuftaḥā	يُفْتَحَا yuftaḥā		نُفْتَحَ nuftaḥa	تُفْتَحُوا tuftaḥū	يُفْتَحُوا yuftaḥū
	f		تُفْتَحِي tuftaḥī	تُفْتَحَ tuftaḥa			تُفْتَحَا tuftaḥā			تُفْتَحْنَ tuftaḥna	يُفْتَحْنَ yuftaḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُفْتَحْ ʔuftaḥ	تُفْتَحْ tuftaḥ	يُفْتَحْ yuftaḥ		تُفْتَحَا tuftaḥā	يُفْتَحَا yuftaḥā		نُفْتَحْ nuftaḥ	تُفْتَحُوا tuftaḥū	يُفْتَحُوا yuftaḥū
	f		تُفْتَحِي tuftaḥī	تُفْتَحْ tuftaḥ			تُفْتَحَا tuftaḥā			تُفْتَحْنَ tuftaḥna	يُفْتَحْنَ yuftaḥna

Derived terms

• اِفْتَحْ يَا سِمْسِم (iftaḥ yā simsim)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “فتح”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[1], London: W.H. Allen

Verb

فَتَّحَ • (fattaḥa) II, non-past يُفَتِّحُ‎ (yufattiḥu)

1. (transitive) to open in large numbers or thoroughly
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:40:

     إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا وَٱسْتَكْبَرُوا عَنْهَا لَا تُفَتَّحُ لَهُمْ أَبْوَابُ ٱلسَّمَاءِ وَلَا يَدْخُلُونَ ٱلْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى يَلِجَ ٱلْجَمَلُ فِي سَمِّ ٱلْخِيَاطِ

     ʔinna llaḏīna kaḏḏabū biʔāyātinā wastakbarū ʕanhā lā tufattaḥu lahum ʔabwābu s-samāʔi walā yadḵulūna l-jannata ḥattā yalija l-jamalu fī sammi l-ḵiyāṭi

     Indeed, those who deny Our signs and disdain them—the gates of the heaven will not be opened for them, nor shall they enter paradise until the camel passes through the needle's eye

Conjugation

Conjugation of

فَتَّحَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَفْتِيح taftīḥ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُفَتِّح mufattiḥ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُفَتَّح mufattaḥ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	فَتَّحْتُ fattaḥtu	فَتَّحْتَ fattaḥta	فَتَّحَ fattaḥa		فَتَّحْتُمَا fattaḥtumā	فَتَّحَا fattaḥā		فَتَّحْنَا fattaḥnā	فَتَّحْتُمْ fattaḥtum	فَتَّحُوا fattaḥū
	f		فَتَّحْتِ fattaḥti	فَتَّحَتْ fattaḥat			فَتَّحَتَا fattaḥatā			فَتَّحْتُنَّ fattaḥtunna	فَتَّحْنَ fattaḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُفَتِّحُ ʔufattiḥu	تُفَتِّحُ tufattiḥu	يُفَتِّحُ yufattiḥu		تُفَتِّحَانِ tufattiḥāni	يُفَتِّحَانِ yufattiḥāni		نُفَتِّحُ nufattiḥu	تُفَتِّحُونَ tufattiḥūna	يُفَتِّحُونَ yufattiḥūna
	f		تُفَتِّحِينَ tufattiḥīna	تُفَتِّحُ tufattiḥu			تُفَتِّحَانِ tufattiḥāni			تُفَتِّحْنَ tufattiḥna	يُفَتِّحْنَ yufattiḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُفَتِّحَ ʔufattiḥa	تُفَتِّحَ tufattiḥa	يُفَتِّحَ yufattiḥa		تُفَتِّحَا tufattiḥā	يُفَتِّحَا yufattiḥā		نُفَتِّحَ nufattiḥa	تُفَتِّحُوا tufattiḥū	يُفَتِّحُوا yufattiḥū
	f		تُفَتِّحِي tufattiḥī	تُفَتِّحَ tufattiḥa			تُفَتِّحَا tufattiḥā			تُفَتِّحْنَ tufattiḥna	يُفَتِّحْنَ yufattiḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُفَتِّحْ ʔufattiḥ	تُفَتِّحْ tufattiḥ	يُفَتِّحْ yufattiḥ		تُفَتِّحَا tufattiḥā	يُفَتِّحَا yufattiḥā		نُفَتِّحْ nufattiḥ	تُفَتِّحُوا tufattiḥū	يُفَتِّحُوا yufattiḥū
	f		تُفَتِّحِي tufattiḥī	تُفَتِّحْ tufattiḥ			تُفَتِّحَا tufattiḥā			تُفَتِّحْنَ tufattiḥna	يُفَتِّحْنَ yufattiḥna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		فَتِّحْ fattiḥ			فَتِّحَا fattiḥā				فَتِّحُوا fattiḥū
	f		فَتِّحِي fattiḥī							فَتِّحْنَ fattiḥna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	فُتِّحْتُ futtiḥtu	فُتِّحْتَ futtiḥta	فُتِّحَ futtiḥa		فُتِّحْتُمَا futtiḥtumā	فُتِّحَا futtiḥā		فُتِّحْنَا futtiḥnā	فُتِّحْتُمْ futtiḥtum	فُتِّحُوا futtiḥū
	f		فُتِّحْتِ futtiḥti	فُتِّحَتْ futtiḥat			فُتِّحَتَا futtiḥatā			فُتِّحْتُنَّ futtiḥtunna	فُتِّحْنَ futtiḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُفَتَّحُ ʔufattaḥu	تُفَتَّحُ tufattaḥu	يُفَتَّحُ yufattaḥu		تُفَتَّحَانِ tufattaḥāni	يُفَتَّحَانِ yufattaḥāni		نُفَتَّحُ nufattaḥu	تُفَتَّحُونَ tufattaḥūna	يُفَتَّحُونَ yufattaḥūna
	f		تُفَتَّحِينَ tufattaḥīna	تُفَتَّحُ tufattaḥu			تُفَتَّحَانِ tufattaḥāni			تُفَتَّحْنَ tufattaḥna	يُفَتَّحْنَ yufattaḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُفَتَّحَ ʔufattaḥa	تُفَتَّحَ tufattaḥa	يُفَتَّحَ yufattaḥa		تُفَتَّحَا tufattaḥā	يُفَتَّحَا yufattaḥā		نُفَتَّحَ nufattaḥa	تُفَتَّحُوا tufattaḥū	يُفَتَّحُوا yufattaḥū
	f		تُفَتَّحِي tufattaḥī	تُفَتَّحَ tufattaḥa			تُفَتَّحَا tufattaḥā			تُفَتَّحْنَ tufattaḥna	يُفَتَّحْنَ yufattaḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُفَتَّحْ ʔufattaḥ	تُفَتَّحْ tufattaḥ	يُفَتَّحْ yufattaḥ		تُفَتَّحَا tufattaḥā	يُفَتَّحَا yufattaḥā		نُفَتَّحْ nufattaḥ	تُفَتَّحُوا tufattaḥū	يُفَتَّحُوا yufattaḥū
	f		تُفَتَّحِي tufattaḥī	تُفَتَّحْ tufattaḥ			تُفَتَّحَا tufattaḥā			تُفَتَّحْنَ tufattaḥna	يُفَتَّحْنَ yufattaḥna

Etymology 2

Cognate with Akkadian 𒁉𒌈 (pītum) and Biblical Hebrew פֶּתַח (pɛ́ṯaḥ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fatħ/

Noun

فَتْح • (fatḥ) m (plural فُتُوح (futūḥ) or فُتُوحَات (futūḥāt))

1. verbal noun of فَتَحَ (fataḥa) (form I)
2. opening
3. disclosure, overture, beginning
4. conquest, victory, an outcome; occupation of a fortified place, opening of an enemy's defenses
5. help
6. the vowel sign fatha

Declension

Declension of noun فَتْح (fatḥ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	فَتْح fatḥ	الْفَتْح al-fatḥ	فَتْح fatḥ
Nominative	فَتْحٌ fatḥun	الْفَتْحُ al-fatḥu	فَتْحُ fatḥu
Accusative	فَتْحًا fatḥan	الْفَتْحَ al-fatḥa	فَتْحَ fatḥa
Genitive	فَتْحٍ fatḥin	الْفَتْحِ al-fatḥi	فَتْحِ fatḥi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	فَتْحَيْن fatḥayn	الْفَتْحَيْن al-fatḥayn	فَتْحَيْ fatḥay
Nominative	فَتْحَانِ fatḥāni	الْفَتْحَانِ al-fatḥāni	فَتْحَا fatḥā
Accusative	فَتْحَيْنِ fatḥayni	الْفَتْحَيْنِ al-fatḥayni	فَتْحَيْ fatḥay
Genitive	فَتْحَيْنِ fatḥayni	الْفَتْحَيْنِ al-fatḥayni	فَتْحَيْ fatḥay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote‎; sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	فُتُوح‎; فُتُوحَات futūḥ‎; futūḥāt	الْفُتُوح‎; الْفُتُوحَات al-futūḥ‎; al-futūḥāt	فُتُوح‎; فُتُوحَات futūḥ‎; futūḥāt
Nominative	فُتُوحٌ‎; فُتُوحَاتٌ futūḥun‎; futūḥātun	الْفُتُوحُ‎; الْفُتُوحَاتُ al-futūḥu‎; al-futūḥātu	فُتُوحُ‎; فُتُوحَاتُ futūḥu‎; futūḥātu
Accusative	فُتُوحًا‎; فُتُوحَاتٍ futūḥan‎; futūḥātin	الْفُتُوحَ‎; الْفُتُوحَاتِ al-futūḥa‎; al-futūḥāti	فُتُوحَ‎; فُتُوحَاتِ futūḥa‎; futūḥāti
Genitive	فُتُوحٍ‎; فُتُوحَاتٍ futūḥin‎; futūḥātin	الْفُتُوحِ‎; الْفُتُوحَاتِ al-futūḥi‎; al-futūḥāti	فُتُوحِ‎; فُتُوحَاتِ futūḥi‎; futūḥāti

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: fəth
• → Ottoman Turkish: فتح
  • Turkish: fetih
• → Persian: فتح
  • → Bengali: ফতে (phote)
  • → Gujarati: ફતેહ (phateh)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: फ़तह (fatah)

    Urdu: فتح (fath)

  • → Marathi: फत्ते (phatte)
  • → Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਫ਼ਤਿਹ (fatih)

    Shahmukhi script: فَتح (fatḥ)

• → Uzbek: fath

Etymology 3

Proper noun

فَتْح • (fatḥ) f

1. (politics) Fatah (a reverse acronym)

References

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “فتح”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Egyptian Arabic

Root
ف ت ح
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic فَتَحَ (fataḥa).

Verb

فتح • (fataḥ) I (non-past يفتح (yiftaḥ))

1. to open (to make something accessible)

Conjugation

Conjugation of فتح (form-I sound)

verbal noun
active participle				فاتح (fātiḥ)
passive participle				مفتوح (maftūḥ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	فتحت (fataḥt)	فتحت (fataḥt)	فتح (fataḥ)		فتحنا (fataḥna)	فتحتوا (fataḥtu)	فتحوا (fataḥu)
	f		فتحتي (fataḥti)	فتحت (fataḥit)
present subjunctive	m	افتح (aftaḥ)	تفتح (tiftaḥ)	يفتح (yiftaḥ)	نفتح (niftaḥ)	تفتحوا (tiftaḥu)	يفتحوا (yiftaḥu)
	f		تفتحي (tiftaḥi)	تفتح (tiftaḥ)
present indicative	m	بفتح (baftaḥ)	بتفتح (bitiftaḥ)	بيفتح (biyiftaḥ)	بنفتح (biniftaḥ)	بتفتحوا (bitiftaḥu)	بيفتحوا (biyiftaḥu)
	f		بتفتحي (bitiftaḥi)	بتفتح (bitiftaḥ)
future	m	حفتح (ḥaftaḥ)	حتفتح (ḥatiftaḥ)	حيفتح (ḥayiftaḥ)	حنفتح (ḥaniftaḥ)	حتفتحوا (ḥatiftaḥu)	حيفتحوا (ḥayiftaḥu)
	f		حتفتحي (ḥatiftaḥi)	حتفتح (ḥatiftaḥ)
imperative	m		افتح (iftaḥ)			افتحوا (iftaḥu)
	f		افتحي (iftaḥi)

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic فَتْح (fatḥ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [fath]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fät̪ʰ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fät̪ʰ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [fät̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [fät̪]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [fæt̪ʰ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [fät̪ʰ]

Readings
Classical reading?	fath
Dari reading?	fath
Iranian reading?	fath
Tajik reading?	fath

Noun

فتح • (fath)

1. victory
2. conquest

Synonyms

• پیروزی (piruzi)
• گشایش (gošâyeš)

Descendants

• → Bengali: ফতে (phote)
• → Gujarati: ફતેહ (phateh)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: फ़तह (fatah)

  Urdu: فتح (fath)

• → Marathi: फत्ते (phatte)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਫ਼ਤਿਹ (fatih)

  Shahmukhi script: فَتح (fatḥ)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ف ت ح
5 terms

Etymology

From Arabic فَتَحَ (fataḥa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fa.taħ/, [ˈfa.taħ]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

فتح • (fataḥ) I (present بفتح (biftaḥ), passive participle مفتوح (maftūḥ))

1. to open

   Antonym: سكّر (sakkar)

Conjugation

Conjugation of فتح (fataḥ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	فتحت (fataḥt)	فتحت (fataḥt)	فتح (fataḥ)		فتحنا (fataḥna)	فتحتو (fataḥtu)	فتحو (fataḥu)
	f		فتحتي (fataḥti)	فتحت (fatḥat)
present	m	بفتح (baftaḥ)	بتفتح (btiftaḥ)	بفتح (biftaḥ)		منفتح (mniftaḥ)	بتفتحو (btiftaḥu)	بفتحو (biftaḥu)
	f		بتفتحي (btiftaḥi)	بتفتح (btiftaḥ)
subjunctive	m	أفتح (ʔaftaḥ)	تفتح (tiftaḥ)	يفتح (yiftaḥ)		نفتح (niftaḥ)	تفتحو (tiftaḥu)	يفتحو (yiftaḥu)
	f		تفتحي (tiftaḥi)	تفتح (tiftaḥ)
imperative	m		افتح (iftaḥ)				افتحو (iftaḥu)
	f		افتحي (iftaḥi)

Urdu

Etymology

From Arabic فَتْح (fatḥ).

Noun

فَتَح • (fatah) f (Hindi spelling फ़तह)

1. victory
2. conquest