ܙܟܘܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

From Aramaic זָכוּתָא (zāḵūṯā), By surface analysis, ܙܵܟ݂ܹܐ (zāḵē, “to be aquitted; to defeat”) +‎ -ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (-ūṯā, the abstract noun ending); compare Hebrew זְכוּת (zkhút, “right, merit”) and borrowed into Arabic زَكَاة (zakāh, “almsgiving”).⁩

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zaː.xuː.θaː.] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [zaː.xwaː.θaː.] (plural)

Noun

ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ • (zāḵūṯā) f sg (plural ܙܵܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ (zāḵwāṯē))

1. victory, triumph

   Synonym: ܢܸܨܚܵܢܵܐ (niṣḥānā)

2. acquittal, innocence, justification

Inflection

Inflection of ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (zāḵūṯā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܝܼ (zāḵūṯī)		ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܲܢ (zāḵūṯan)
	construct	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ (zāḵūṯ)	2nd person	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (zāḵūṯūḵ)	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (zāḵūṯāḵ)	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (zāḵūṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (zāḵūṯā)	3rd person	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܹܗ (zāḵūṯēh)	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (zāḵūṯāh)	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (zāḵuṯhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (zāḵwāṯī)		ܙܵܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (zāḵwāṯan)
	construct	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂̈ (zāḵwāṯ)	2nd person	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (zāḵwāṯūḵ)	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (zāḵwāṯāḵ)	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (zāḵwāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ (zāḵwāṯē)	3rd person	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (zāḵwāṯūh)	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂̈ܘܿܗ̇ (zāḵwāṯōh)	ܙܵܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (zāḵwāṯhōn)

Derived terms

• ܙܵܟ݂ܘܿ (zāḵō)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From the root ܙ-ܟ-ܐ (z-k-ʾ) related to conquering. Compare Hebrew זְכוּת (zəḵûṯ). The sense of “martyr's tomb” is a calque of Ancient Greek τροπαῖα (tropaîa) while the sense of “emperor's epithet” is a calque of Ancient Greek τροπαιοῦχος (tropaioûkhos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zɑxuθɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [zɑxwɑθɑ] (plural)

Noun

ܙܟܘܬܐ • (zāḵūṯā) f (plural ܙܟܘܬܐ (zāḵwāṯā))

1. victory
2. spoils, trophies
3. rule, command
4. goodness, uprightness, probity
5. justification
6. acquittal, innocence
7. martyr's tomb
8. emperor's epithet

Inflection

    declension of ܙܟܘܬܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܙܟܘ	ܙܟܘܢ
construct	ܙܟܘܬ	ܙܟܘܬ
emphatic	ܙܟܘܬܐ	ܙܟܘܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܙܟܘܬܝ	ܙܟܘܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܙܟܘܬܟ	ܙܟܘܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܙܟܘܬܟܝ	ܙܟܘܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܙܟܘܬܗ	ܙܟܘܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܙܟܘܬܗ	ܙܟܘܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܙܟܘܬܢ	ܙܟܘܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܙܟܘܬܟܘܢ	ܙܟܘܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܙܟܘܬܟܝܢ	ܙܟܘܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܙܟܘܬܗܘܢ	ܙܟܘܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܙܟܘܬܗܝܢ	ܙܟܘܬܗܝܢ

Descendants

• → Arabic: زَكاة (zakāh), زَكَوٰة (zakāh) — preclassical spelling
  • → Ottoman Turkish: زكات (zekat)
    • → Turkish: zekât
  • → Persian: زکات (zakât)
    • → English: zakat
  • → Spanish: azaque
  • → Swahili: zakati
  • → Turkmen: zekat
  • → Tatar: зәкәт (zäkät)

References

• “zkw”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 87b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 115b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 380a