martyr
Contents
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English martir, from Old English martir, itself a borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin martyr, from Ancient Greek μάρτυρ (mártur), later form of μάρτυς (mártus, “witness”).
PronunciationEdit
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)/, [ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)], [ˈmɐːɾə(ɹ)]
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/[1]
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈmɑɹ.tɚ/, [ˈmɑɹ.ɾɚ][1]
- Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)tə(ɹ)
Audio (US) (file) Audio (UK) (file) - Hyphenation: mar‧tyr
NounEdit
martyr (plural martyrs)
- One who willingly accepts being put to death for adhering openly to one's religious beliefs; notably, saints canonized after martyrdom.
- Saint Stephen was the first Christian martyr.
- (by extension) One who sacrifices his or her life, station, or something of great personal value, for the sake of principle or to sustain a cause.
- (with a prepositional phrase of cause) One who suffers greatly and/or constantly, even involuntarily.
- Stan is a martyr to arthritis, Chris a martyr to Stan's endless moaning about it.
- 1937, AJ Cronin, The Citadel:
- He'd been a martyr to asthma all his life.
SynonymsEdit
AntonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
one willing to be killed for religion
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one who sacrifices their life for an important cause
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one who suffers greatly, even involuntarily
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Translations to be checked
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VerbEdit
martyr (third-person singular simple present martyrs, present participle martyring, simple past and past participle martyred)
- (transitive) To make someone into a martyr by putting him or her to death for adhering to, or acting in accordance with, some belief, especially religious; to sacrifice on account of faith or profession.
- (transitive) To persecute.
- Some religious and other minorities were martyred until extinction.
- (transitive) To torment; to torture.
- The lovely Amoret, whose gentle heart
- Thou martyrest with sorrow and with smart. — Spenser
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
to make someone a martyr
persecute — see persecute
torture — see torture
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “martyr”, in OED Online
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
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DanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin martyr, from Ancient Greek μάρτυρ (mártur), later form of μάρτυς (mártus, “witness”).
NounEdit
martyr c (singular definite martyren, plural indefinite martyrer)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of martyr
| common gender |
Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | martyr | martyren | martyrer | martyrerne |
| genitive | martyrs | martyrens | martyrers | martyrernes |
ReferencesEdit
- “martyr” in Den Danske Ordbog
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old French martire, borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin martyr, from Ancient Greek μάρτυρ (mártur), later form of μάρτυς (mártus, “witness”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
martyr m (plural martyrs, feminine martyre)
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “martyr” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
LatinEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Ancient Greek μάρτυρ (mártur), later form of μάρτυς (mártus, “witness”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
martyr m or f (genitive martyris); third declension
- (Ecclesiastical Latin) martyr, especially a Christian martyr
DeclensionEdit
Third-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | martyr | martyrēs |
| Genitive | martyris | martyrum |
| Dative | martyrī | martyribus |
| Accusative | martyrem | martyrēs |
| Ablative | martyre | martyribus |
| Vocative | martyr | martyrēs |
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- → Danish: martyr
- → Dutch: martelaar
- → Estonian: märter
- → Finnish: marttyyri
- → German: Märtyrer
- → Hungarian: mártír
- Lombard: màrtul
- → Norwegian: martyr
- → Old French: martire
- → Italian: martire
- Neapolitan: marture
- Old Italian: martore
- → Old Occitan:
- → Old Portuguese:
- Romanian: martor
- Sardinian: màrturu
- → Scottish Gaelic: martair
- → Spanish: mártir
- → Tagalog: martir
- → Swedish: martyr
ReferencesEdit
- martyr in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- martyr in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
NormanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Ecclesiastical Latin martyr, from Ancient Greek μάρτυρ (mártur), later form of μάρτυς (mártus, “witness”).
NounEdit
martyr m (plural martyrs)
Norwegian BokmålEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin martyr, from Ancient Greek μάρτυρ (mártur), later form of μάρτυς (mártus, “witness”).
NounEdit
martyr m (definite singular martyren, indefinite plural martyrer, definite plural martyrene)
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “martyr” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian NynorskEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin martyr, from Ancient Greek μάρτυρ (mártur), later form of μάρτυς (mártus, “witness”).
NounEdit
martyr m (definite singular martyren, indefinite plural martyrar, definite plural martyrane)
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “martyr” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
SwedishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin martyr, from Ancient Greek μάρτυρ (mártur), later form of μάρτυς (mártus, “witness”).
PronunciationEdit
- Rhymes: -yːr
NounEdit
martyr c
DeclensionEdit
| Declension of martyr | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | martyr | martyren | martyrer | martyrerna |
| Genitive | martyrs | martyrens | martyrers | martyrernas |