Wiktionary

ܝܡܐ

Turoyo edit

Etymology edit

From Aramaic ימא

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ܝܰܡܳܐ • (yāmo) m (plural ܝܰܡܶܐ (yāme))

  1. sea
    Synonym: ܒܰܚܪܳܐ (baḥro)

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic edit

Etymology 1 edit

Root
ܐ ܡ ܗ (ˀ m h)
1 term

Variant of ܐܸܡܵܐ (immā), from Aramaic אִמָּא (ʾimmā) with a shift from an initial /ʔ/ to /j/, from Proto-Semitic *ʔimm-; compare Turoyo ܐܶܡܐ (emo), Arabic أُمّ (ʔumm), Hebrew אֵם (em) and אִמָּא (ímma).

The second sense is from Akkadian ummat erî (“lower milestone, grindstone”). The first element, ummat, is the construct form of ummatu (“main part”) while the second element erî is the genetive form of erû (“lower stone of hand-mill”). Based on folk etymology or a reinterpretation of the Akkadian term, the word was reinterpreted as “mother” in Aramaic. In some dialects, the fourth sense then evolved from this.

Pronunciation edit

  • (standard) IPA(key): [ˈjɪm.mɑː], [ˈjɪm.mä]
  • (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [ʔɪmma], [jɪmma]
  • (Urmian) IPA(key): [ˈjɪ.mɒ]

Noun edit

ܝܸܡܵܐ • (yimmā) f (plural ܝܸܡܵܬܹ̈ܐ (yimmātē) or ܝܸܡܵܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (yimmāwāṯā), masculine ܒܵܒܵܐ (bābā) or ܐܲܒ݂ܵܐ (aḇā))

  1. mother (female parent who gets pregnant and gives birth to a child)
  2. lower millstone of a mill; lower grindstone of a hand-mill
  3. (Tergawar) colostrum, first milk
  4. (Tyare) boulder that has rolled or is rolling down a slope
  5. malignant tumor
Inflection edit
Inflection of ܝܸܡܵܐ (yimmā)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܝܸܡܝܼ
(yimī) 		ܝܸܡܲܢ
(yimman)
construct ܝܸܡ
(yim) 		2nd person ܝܸܡܘܼܟ݂
(yimūḵ) 		ܝܸܡܵܟ݂ܝ
(yimmāḵ) 		ܝܸܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(yimmāwḵōn)
emphatic ܝܸܡܵܐ
(yimmā) 		3rd person ܝܸܡܹܗ
(yimmēh) 		ܝܸܡܵܗ̇
(yimmāh) 		ܝܸܡܗܘܿܢ
(yimhōn)
plural absolute – 1st person ܝܸܡܵܬܝܼ̈
(yimmātī) 		ܝܸܡܵܬܲܢ̈
(yimmātan)
construct ܝܸܡܵܬ̈
(yimmāt) 		2nd person ܝܸܡܵܬܘܼ̈ܟ݂
(yimmātūḵ) 		ܝܸܡܵܬܵܟ݂ܝ
(yimmātāḵ) 		ܝܸܡܵܬܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(yimmātāwḵōn)
emphatic ܝܸܡܵܬܹ̈ܐ
(yimmātē) 		3rd person ܝܸܡܵܬܘܼ̈ܗܝ
(yimmātūh) 		ܝܸܡܵܬ̈ܘܿܗ̇
(yimmātōh) 		ܝܸܡܵܬܗ̈ܘܿܢ
(yimmāthōn)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Root
ܝ ܡ ܡ (y m m)
2 terms

A Northwest Semitic innovation from Aramaic יַמָּא (yammāʾ), from Proto-Semitic *wamm- (“sea, river”); compare Ugaritic 𐎊𐎎 (ym), Hebrew יָם (yam), and also borrowed into Arabic يَمّ (yamm).

Pronunciation edit

  • (standard) IPA(key): [ˈjɑːmɑː], [ˈjä.mä]
  • (Urmian) IPA(key): [ˈjɒ.mɒ]

Noun edit

ܝܵܡܵܐ • (yāmā) m (plural ܝܲܡܡܹ̈ܐ (yammē))

  1. sea (large body of salt water)
    Antonym: ܝܲܒ݂ܫܵܐ (yaḇšā, “dry land”)
  2. beach (pebbly or sandy shore, especially by the sea between high- and low-water marks)
Usage notes edit
  • This term is grammatically masculine, either gender in the Alqosh/Nineveh Plains dialect(s), and may be feminine in others.
Inflection edit
Inflection of ܝܵܡܵܐ (yāmā)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܝܵܡܝܼ
(yāmī) 		ܝܵܡܲܢ
(yāman)
construct ܝܲܡ
(yam) 		2nd person ܝܵܡܘܼܟ݂
(yāmūḵ) 		ܝܵܡܵܟ݂ܝ
(yāmāḵ) 		ܝܵܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(yāmāwḵōn)
emphatic ܝܵܡܵܐ
(yāmā) 		3rd person ܝܵܡܹܗ
(yāmēh) 		ܝܵܡܵܗ̇
(yāmāh) 		ܝܵܡܗܘܿܢ
(yāmhōn)
plural absolute – 1st person ܝܲܡܡܝܼ̈
(yammī) 		ܝܲܡܡܲܢ̈
(yamman)
construct ܝܲܡܡܲܝ̈
(yammay) 		2nd person ܝܲܡܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂
(yammūḵ) 		ܝܲܡܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈
(yammāḵ) 		ܝܲܡܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(yammāwḵōn)
emphatic ܝܲܡܡܹ̈ܐ
(yammē) 		3rd person ܝܲܡܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ
(yammūh) 		ܝܲܡܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇
(yammōh) 		ܝܲܡܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ
(yammhōn)
Hyponyms edit
Derived terms edit

Etymology 3 edit

Root
ܝ ܡ ܐ (y m ˀ)
1 term

From Aramaic יֲמָא (yămā).

Pronunciation edit

  • (standard) IPA(key): [ˈjɑːmeː]

Verb edit

ܝܵܡܹܐ • (yāmē) (present participle ܝܡܵܝܵܐ (māyā), past participle ܝܸܡܝܵܐ (yimyā))

  1. to swear, vow
    ܠܵܐ ܝܵܡܹܝܬܘܿܢ ܒܕܘܼܓܠܵܐ. ― lā yāmētōn b-duglā. ― You must not swear by a lie.
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of ܝܵܡܹܐ (yāmē)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ܝܡܹܐ ܠܝܼ
(mē lī) 		ܝܡܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂
(mē lūḵ) 		ܝܡܹܐ ܠܹܗ
(mē lēh) 		ܝܡܹܐ ܠܲܢ
(mē lan) 		ܝܡܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(mē lāwḵōn) 		ܝܡܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ
(mē lhōn)
f ܝܡܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ
(mē lāḵ) 		ܝܡܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇
(mē lāh)
non-past m ܝܵܡܹܝܢ
(yāmēn) 		ܝܵܡܹܝܬ
(yāmēt) 		ܝܵܡܹܐ
(yāmē) 		ܝܵܡܲܚ
(yāmaḥ) 		ܝܵܡܹܝܬܘܿܢ
(yāmētōn) 		ܝܵܡܝܼ
(yāmī)
f ܝܵܡܝܵܢ
(yāmyān) 		ܝܵܡܝܵܬܝ
(yāmyāt) 		ܝܵܡܝܵܐ
(yāmyā)
imperative m ܝܡܝܼ
(mī) 		ܝܡܹܝܡܘܼܢ
(mēmūn)
f ܝܡܹܐ
(mē)

References edit

  • “ܝܸܡܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2022 November 27 (last accessed)
  • “ܝܲܡܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2022 November 27 (last accessed)
  • Maclean, Arthur John (1901) “ܝܸܡܵܐ”, in Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac as Spoken by the Eastern Syrians of Kurdistan, North-West Persia and the Plain of Mosul, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 120b
  • Maclean, Arthur John (1901) “ܝܵܡܵܐ”, in Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac as Spoken by the Eastern Syrians of Kurdistan, North-West Persia and the Plain of Mosul, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 120b
  • [1]

Classical Syriac edit

Etymology edit

A Northwest Semitic innovation. From Proto-Semitic *wamm- (“sea, river”). Compare Ugaritic 𐎊𐎎 (ym), Hebrew יָם (yām) and Arabic يَمّ (yamm). The word as it appears in Arabic is a borrowing.

Pronunciation edit

  • (Classical Edessan) IPA(key): [ˈjam.mɑ]
  • (Eastern Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈjam.mɑ]
  • (Western Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈjɑ.mo]

Noun edit

ܝܡܐ • (yammā) m (plural ܝܡܡܐ (yam[mə]mē))

  1. sea, large lake
  2. pond, swamp, marsh

Inflection edit

    declension of ܝܡܐ
state singular plural
absolute ܝܡ ܝܡܡܝܢ
construct ܝܡ ܝܡܡܝ
emphatic ܝܡܐ ܝܡܡܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܝܡܝ ܝܡܡܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܝܡܟ ܝܡܡܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܝܡܟܝ ܝܡܡܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܝܡܗ ܝܡܡܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܝܡܗ ܝܡܡܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܝܡܢ ܝܡܡܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܝܡܟܘܢ ܝܡܡܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܝܡܟܝܢ ܝܡܡܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܝܡܗܘܢ ܝܡܡܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܝܡܗܝܢ ܝܡܡܝܗܝܢ

Synonyms edit

Antonyms edit

  • (antonym(s) of "sea"): ܝܒܫܐ (yaḇšā, “dry land”)

Derived terms edit

References edit

  • “ym”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-10-02
  • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 141b
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 193a
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 575b
  • Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 191

Anagrams edit

  1. ^
    2018 May 15, Hezi Mutzafi, “Akkadian substrate words and meanings surfacing in Neo-Aramaic”, in Brill's Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics:
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=ܝܡܐ&oldid=79002562"