तक

See also: तुक and ताकि

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit *𑀢𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*tavakka), *𑀢𑀸𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*tāvakka), from Sanskrit तावत्क (tā́vatka, “bought for so much”). Cognate with Punjabi ਤੱਕ (takka) / تّک (takk).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /t̪ək/, [t̪ɐk]

Postposition

तक • (tak) (Urdu spelling تک)

1. till

   दो बजे तक काम करना है तुम्हें।

   do baje tak kām karnā hai tumhẽ.

   You have to work till two o'clock.

2. until

   जब तक तुम्हारा काम ख़तम नहीं हो जाता तुम्हें यहीं रहना है।

   jab tak tumhārā kām xatam nahī̃ ho jātā tumhẽ yahī̃ rahnā hai.

   You (will) have to stay here until your isn't finished.

3. for (a period of time)

   आज मैं दो घंटे तक खेला।

   āj ma͠i do ghaṇṭe tak khelā.

   I played for two hours today.

4. up to

   नौ बजे से दो बजे तक पढ़ना है तुमको।

   nau baje se do baje tak paṛhnā hai tumko.

   You have to study from nine o'clock up to two o'clock.

5. even

   मुझे बिलकुल उम्मीद नहीं थी कि वो तक मेरे खिलाफ़ बोल देगा।

   mujhe bilkul ummīd nahī̃ thī ki vo tak mere khilāf bol degā.

   I didn't even expect at all that even he will speak against me.

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “तक”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “तक”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• Platts, John T. (1884) “तक”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “तक”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “tāˊvatka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tɐ.kɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪ɐ.kɐ/

Pronoun

तक • (taká) m

1. this, this little