पुस्तक

Hindi

Etymology

From Sanskrit पुस्तक (pustaka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpʊst̪ək]

Noun

पुस्तक • (pustak) f (Urdu spelling پستک‎)

1. book, manuscript, volume

   पुस्तकें यहाँ बिकती हैं। ― pustakẽ yahā̃ biktī ha͠i. ― Books are sold here.

Declension

Declension of पुस्तक (fem cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पुस्तक pustak	पुस्तकें pustakẽ
oblique	पुस्तक pustak	पुस्तकों pustakõ
vocative	पुस्तक pustak	पुस्तको pustako

Synonyms

• किताब (kitāb)

Derived terms

• पुस्तकालय (pustakālay)

---

Maithili

Etymology

From Sanskrit पुस्तक (pustaka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pʊstək]

Noun

पुस्तक • (pustak) (Tirhuta 𑒣𑒳𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒏)

1. book

Synonyms

• किताप (kitāp)

Derived terms

• पुस्तकालय (pustakālay)

---

Marathi

Etymology

From Sanskrit पुस्तक (pustaka).

Noun

पुस्तक • (pustak) n

1. book

---

Nepali

Etymology

From Sanskrit पुस्तक (pustaka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pust̪ʌk]
• Phonetic Devanagari: पुस्तक्

Noun

पुस्तक • (pustak)

1. book

   Synonyms: किताप (kitāp), किताब (kitāb), पोथी (pothī)

Derived terms

• पुस्तकालय [pustakālaya]

---

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ᬧᬸᬲ᭄ᬢᬓ (Balinese script)
• পুস্তক (Assamese script)
• পুস্তক (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰲𑰭𑰿𑰝𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀓 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌪𑍁𑌸𑍍𑌤𑌕 (Grantha script)
• પુસ્તક (Gujarati script)
• ਪੁਸੑਤਕ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦥꦸꦱ꧀ꦠꦏ (Javanese script)
• បុស្តក (Khmer script)
• ಪುಸ್ತಕ (Kannada script)
• ປຸສ຺ຕກ (Lao script)
• പുസ്തക (Malayalam script)
• 𑘢𑘳𑘭𑘿𑘝𑘎 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠤᠰᢐᠠᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
• ᢒᡠᠰ᠌ᢠᠠᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
• ပုသ္တက (Burmese script)
• 𑧂𑧔𑧍𑧠𑦽𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐸𑐳𑑂𑐟𑐎 (Newa script)
• ପୁସ୍ତକ (Oriya script)
• ꢦꢸꢱ꣄ꢡꢒ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆶𑆱𑇀𑆠𑆑 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖲𑖭𑖿𑖝𑖎 (Siddham script)
• පුස්තක (Sinhalese script)
• పుస్తక (Telugu script)
• ปุสฺตก (Thai script)
• པུ་སྟ་ཀ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒳𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒏 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pōstaka, *pustaka. Compare Sogdian 𐼔𐼇𐼑𐼚𐼀𐼋‎ (pwstʾk /pōstē/, “book, document, sutra”), Manichaean Parthian 𐫛𐫇𐫘𐫤𐫃‎ (pwstg /pōstag/, “book, pergament”) and Persian پوست‎ (pust, “skin, hide”) (from *pōst, from Old Persian 𐎱𐎺𐎿𐎫𐎠 (pavastā); cognate to पवस्त (pavasta)).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pus.tɐ.kɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpus̪.t̪ɐ.kɐ/

Noun

पुस्तक • (pustaka) n

1. a protuberant ornament, boss
2. book, manuscript, booklet

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of पुस्तक (pustaka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पुस्तकम् pustakam	पुस्तके pustake	पुस्तकानि / पुस्तका¹ pustakāni / pustakā¹
Vocative	पुस्तक pustaka	पुस्तके pustake	पुस्तकानि / पुस्तका¹ pustakāni / pustakā¹
Accusative	पुस्तकम् pustakam	पुस्तके pustake	पुस्तकानि / पुस्तका¹ pustakāni / pustakā¹
Instrumental	पुस्तकेन pustakena	पुस्तकाभ्याम् pustakābhyām	पुस्तकैः / पुस्तकेभिः¹ pustakaiḥ / pustakebhiḥ¹
Dative	पुस्तकाय pustakāya	पुस्तकाभ्याम् pustakābhyām	पुस्तकेभ्यः pustakebhyaḥ
Ablative	पुस्तकात् pustakāt	पुस्तकाभ्याम् pustakābhyām	पुस्तकेभ्यः pustakebhyaḥ
Genitive	पुस्तकस्य pustakasya	पुस्तकयोः pustakayoḥ	पुस्तकानाम् pustakānām
Locative	पुस्तके pustake	पुस्तकयोः pustakayoḥ	पुस्तकेषु pustakeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Descendants

• Assamese: পুথি (puthi)
• → Bengali: পুস্তক (puśtôk)
• Bhojpuri: pōthī
• Dhivehi: ފޮތް‎ (fot̊)
• → Gujarati: પુસ્તક (pustak)
• → Hindi: पुस्तक (pustak)
• Kashmiri: پوٗتھِ‎ (pūthi), पूथि (pūthi)
• Kumaoni: पोथी
• → Maithili: पुस्तक (pustak), पोथी (pothī)
• → Malay: pustaka
  • Indonesian: pustaka
• → Malayalam: പുസ്തകം (pustakaṃ)
• → Marathi: पुस्तक (pustak)
• → Nepali: पुस्तक (pustak)
• Niya Prakrit: 𐨤𐨆𐨠𐨁‎ (pothi, “document”)
• Oriya: [script needed] (pothā), [script needed] (pothi), [script needed] (puthi), ପୋଥା (potha)
• Pali: potthaka
• Prakrit: puttha, putthaya, putthiyā
• → Punjabi: ਪੁਸਤਕ (pustak), پستک‎ (pustak)
• Rajasthani: पोथी (pothī)
• Sindhi: [script needed] (pothu), [script needed] (pothī)
• Sinhalese: පොත (pota)
• Sylheti: ꠙꠥꠕꠤ (futí)
• → Tamil: புத்தகம் (puttakam)
• → Telugu: పుస్తకం (pustakaṁ)
• → Tibetan: པོ་ཏི (po ti), པུ་ཏི (pu ti), པོད (pod), པུས་ཏི (pus ti), པུས་ཏི་ཀ (pus ti ka)
  • → Mongolian: ᠪᠣᠲᠢ (boti) / боть (botʹ, “tome”)
• → Urdu: پستک‎ (pustak)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “पुस्तक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0640.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “pōstaka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 478
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 331—332