हृष्

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• हर्ष् (harṣ)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• হৃষ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬳᬺᬱ᭄ (Balinese script)
• হৃষ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰮𑰴𑰬𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀳𑀾𑀱𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ဟၖၑ် (Burmese script)
• હૃષ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਹ੍ਰਸ਼੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌹𑍃𑌷𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦲꦽꦰ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂯𑃂𑂭𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಹೃಷ್ (Kannada script)
• ហ្ឫឞ៑ (Khmer script)
• ຫ຺ຣິຩ຺ (Lao script)
• ഹൃഷ് (Malayalam script)
• ᡥᡵᡳᢢ (Manchu script)
• 𑘮𑘵𑘬𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠾᠷᠢᢔ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧎𑧖𑧌𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐴𑐺𑐲𑑂 (Newa script)
• ହୃଷ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢲꢺꢰ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆲𑆸𑆰𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖮𑖴𑖬𑖿 (Siddham script)
• හෘෂ් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪂𑩙𑪀 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚩𑚶 (Takri script)
• ஹ்ரிஷ் (Tamil script)
• హృష్ (Telugu script)
• หฺฤษฺ (Thai script)
• ཧྲྀ་ཥ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒯𑒵𑒭𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨱𑨼𑨉𑨯𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“rigid, stiff; surprised”). Cognate with Latin horreō, horror, Ancient Greek χέρσος (khérsos, “dry land”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɦr̩ʂ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ɦr̩ʂ/

Root

हृष् • (hṛṣ)

1. to be excited or impatient or anxious, rejoice in the prospect of
2. to speak or affirm falsely, lie
3. to thrill with rapture, exult, be glad or pleased
4. to become sexually excited, aroused
5. to become erect or stiff or rigid, bristle (said of the hairs of the body etc.)
6. to become on edge

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root हृष्‎ (0 c, 3 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• हृष्यति (hṛṣyáti, Present)
• हर्षति (hárṣati, Present)
• हर्षिष्यति (harṣiṣyáti, Future)
• हर्षिता (harṣitā́, Periphrastic Future)
• अहृषत् (áhṛṣat, Aorist)
• जहर्ष (jahárṣa, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

• हृष्यते (hṛṣyáte, Passive)
• अहर्षि (áharṣi, Passive Aorist)
• हर्षयति (harṣáyati, Causative)
• अजीहृषत् (ájīhṛṣat, Causative Aorist)
• अजहर्षत् (ájaharṣat, Causative Aorist)
• जिहर्षिषति (jiharṣiṣati, Desiderative)
• जरीहृष्यते (jarīhṛṣyate, Intensive)
• जरीहृषीति (jarīhṛṣīti, Intensive)
• जर्हर्ष्टि (jarharṣṭi, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

• हर्षितुम् (hárṣitum, Infinitive)
• हर्षित्वा (harṣitvā́, Gerund)
• हृष्य (hṛṣya, Gerundive)
• हर्षणीय (harṣaṇīya, Gerundive)
• हर्षितव्य (harṣitavya, Gerundive)
• हृष्ट (hṛṣṭá, Past Participle)
• हर्षित (harṣitá, Past Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

• हर्ष (harṣa)
• हर्षक (harṣaka)
• हर्षिन् (harṣin)
• हर्षण (hárṣaṇa)
• हृषी (hṛ́ṣī)
• हर्षि (hárṣi)
• हर्षु (harṣú)
• हृष्टि (hṛṣṭi)
• घृषु (ghṛ́ṣu, Vedic)
• घृष्वि (ghṛ́ṣvi, Vedic)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “हृष्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1303/2.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 208
• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “हृष्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “हृष्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 807-8; 818
• Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 471
• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 345
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 178
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 0445, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0445