rigid
See also: rígid
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English rigide, from Latin rigidus (“stiff”), from rigeō (“I am stiff”). Compare rigor. Merged with Middle English rigged, rygged, rugged (“upright like a spine, rigid”, literally “ridged”), from ridge + -ed.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
rigid (comparative rigider or more rigid, superlative rigidest or most rigid)
- Stiff, rather than flexible.
- Synonym: inflexible
- Antonym: flexible
- Fixed, rather than moving.
- 2011, David Foster Wallace, The Pale King, Penguin Books, page 5:
- A sunflower, four more, one bowed, and horses in the distance standing rigid and still as toys.
- Antonym: moving
- Rigorous and unbending.
- Uncompromising.
- Antonym: compromising
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
stiff
|
fixed
|
rigorous, unbending
|
uncompromising
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
NounEdit
rigid (plural rigids)
- (aviation) An airship whose shape is maintained solely by an internal and/or external rigid structural framework, without using internal gas pressure to stiffen the vehicle (the lifting gas is at atmospheric pressure); typically also equipped with multiple redundant gasbags, unlike other types of airship.
- The rigid could reach the greatest sizes and speeds of any airship, but was expensive to build and bulky to store. Rigids fell out of favor after the R101 and Hindenburg disasters made the type seem unsafe to the travelling public.
- A bicycle with no suspension system.
SynonymsEdit
(airship):
- Zeppelin (broad sense)
HypernymsEdit
(airship):
HyponymsEdit
(airship):
- Zeppelin (narrow sense)
Coordinate termsEdit
(airship):
ReferencesEdit
- “rigid”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “rigid”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
Old IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Celtic *regeti (“to extend, stretch, straighten”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, stretch, rule”).[1][2]
VerbEdit
rigid (conjunct ·reig or ·raig)
- to stretch, to distend
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 20a23
- rechti .i. ro·recht ho methi ⁊ inmairi
- distended, i.e. it has been distended by fat and obesity.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 20a23
InflectionEdit
Simple, class B I present, reduplicated preterite, s future, s subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Abs. | rigid | regair | ||||||
| Conj. | ·reig; ·raig | ||||||||
| Rel. | riges | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | |||||||||
| Preterite | Abs. | reraig | |||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Abs. | ririss | |||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Conditional | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | ·riastar | ||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | |||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | rige | ||||||||
| Past participle | rechtae | ||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*reg-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 308
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*rig-o- ‘stretch’”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 312–13
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Celtic *rigeti (“bind”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hreyǵ- (“to bind, reach”).[1]
VerbEdit
rigid (conjunct ·rig)
- to rule, direct
- c. 700, Críth Gablach, published in Críth Gablach (1941, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited by Daniel Anthony Binchy, §30
- Rí, cid ara n-eperr? Arindí riges cumachtu(i) chun[d]rig fora túatha(i).
- The king, why do they call him that? Because he wields [exerts, MacNeill] the power of control [correction, MacNeill] over his people [in a túath].
- c. 800-840, Orthanach, A Chóicid chóem Chairpri chrúaid from the Book of Leinster, LL line 6094
- Reraig Herind ardrí Molt[...]
- The High King [Ailill] Molt ruled over Ireland...
- c. 700, Críth Gablach, published in Críth Gablach (1941, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited by Daniel Anthony Binchy, §30
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- Middle Irish: rigid
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*rig-o- ‘bind’”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 311–12
Further readingEdit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 rigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language (both etymologies)
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 rigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language (as root of derivatives of Etymology 2)
RomanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
AdjectiveEdit
rigid m or n (feminine singular rigidă, masculine plural rigizi, feminine and neuter plural rigide)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of rigid