সহা
Assamese
editEtymology
editEtymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáȷ́ʰatay
Sanskrit सह॑ते (sáhate)
Prakrit 𑀲𑀳𑀇 (sahaï)
Assamese সহা (xoha)
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀲𑀳𑀇 (sahaï), from Sanskrit सह॑ते (sáhate), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáȷ́ʰatay, from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-. Cognate with Bengali সহা (śoha), সওয়া (śoōẇa), Hindi सहना (sahnā).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editসহা • (xoha)
Verb
editসহা • (xoha) (transitive)
- to bear
- Synonym: সহ্য কৰা (xoizzo kora)
- to tolerate
- সমালোচনা সহা ― xomalüsona xoha ― to tolerate criticism
Conjugation
editimpersonal forms of সহা
Affirmative (+) | Negative (-) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Stem | সহ xoh |
নসহ noxoh | |
Gerund, Past participle, Agentive | সহা xoha |
নসহা noxoha | |
Conjugative | সহি xohi |
নসহি noxohi | |
Infinitive | সহিব xohibo |
নসহিব noxohibo | |
Genitive infinitive | সহিবৰ xohibor |
নসহিবৰ noxohibor | |
Goal | সহিবলৈ xohiboloi |
নসহিবলৈ noxohiboloi | |
Terminative | সহিবলৈকে xohiboloike |
নসহিবলৈকে noxohiboloike | |
Future passive participle | সহিবলগা / সহিবলগীয়া xohibologa / xohibologia |
নসহিবলগা / নসহিবলগীয়া noxohibologa / noxohibologia | |
Agentive (emphatic) | (♂) | সহোঁতা xohü̃ta |
নসহোঁতা noxohü̃ta |
♀ | সহঁতী xohõti |
নসহঁতী noxohõti | |
Contingent | সহোঁতে xohü͂te |
নসহোঁতে noxohü͂te | |
Progressive participle | সহোঁতে সহোঁতে xohü͂te xohü͂te |
নসহোঁতে নসহোঁতে noxohü͂te noxohü͂te | |
Reason | সহাত xohat |
নসহাত noxohat | |
Past conditional | সহিলত xohilot |
নসহিলত noxohilot | |
Future conditional | সহিলে xohile |
নসহিলে noxohile | |
Perfect participle | সহি xohi |
নসহি noxohi | |
Habitual participle | সহি সহি xohi xohi |
নসহি নসহি noxohi noxohi |
Conjugation forms of সহা
Person | First person | Second person | Third person | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Very faml. & Inferior |
Familiar | Honorific | Non honorific | ||||
Singular | মই moi |
তই toi |
তুমি tumi |
আপুনি apuni |
তেওঁ etc teü͂ |
সি ♂, তাই ♀ etc xi ♂, tai ♀ | |
Plural | i | আমি ami |
তহঁত tohõt |
তোমালোক tümalük |
আপোনালোক apünalük |
তেওঁলোক teü͂lük |
সিহঁত etc xihõt |
t | তহঁতে tohõte |
তোমালোকে tümalüke |
আপোনালোকে apünalüke |
তেওঁলোকে teü͂lüke |
সিহঁতে etc xihõte | ||
Present | |||||||
Indefinite | + | সহোঁ xohü͂ |
সহ xoho |
সহা xoha |
সহে xohe | ||
- | নসহোঁ noxohü͂ |
নসহ noxoho |
নসহা noxoha |
নসহে noxohe | |||
Imperfective | + | সহিছোঁ xohisü͂ |
সহিছ xohiso |
সহিছা xohisa |
সহিছে xohise | ||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
সহা নাই xoha nai | |||||||
"not about to" (usage is not common) | |||||||
নসহিছোঁ noxohisü͂ |
নসহিছ noxohiso |
নসহিছা noxohisa |
নসহিছে noxohise | ||||
Continuous | + | সহি আছোঁ xohi asü͂ |
সহি আছ xohi aso |
সহি আছা xohi asa |
সহি আছে xohi ase | ||
- | সহি থকা নাই xohi thoka nai | ||||||
Past | |||||||
Simple | + | সহিলোঁ xohilü͂ |
সহিলি xohili |
সহিলা xohila |
সহিলে xohile | ||
- | নসহিলোঁ noxohilü͂ |
নসহিলি noxohili |
নসহিলা noxohila |
নসহিলে noxohile | |||
Imperfective | + | সহিছিলোঁ xohisilü͂ |
সহিছিলি xohisili |
সহিছিলা xohisila |
সহিছিলে xohisile | ||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
সহা নাছিলোঁ xoha nasilü͂ |
সহা নাছিলি xoha nasili |
সহা নাছিলা xoha nasila |
সহা নাছিলে xoha nasile | ||||
Habitual | |||||||
নসহিছিলোঁ noxohisilü͂ |
নসহিছিলি noxohisili |
নসহিছিলা noxohisila |
নসহিছিলে noxohisile | ||||
Continuous | + | সহি আছিলোঁ xohi asilü͂ |
সহি আছিলি xohi asili |
সহি আছিলা xohi asila |
সহি আছিলে xohi asile | ||
- | সহি থকা নাছিলোঁ xohi thoka nasilü͂ |
সহি থকা নাছিলি xohi thoka nasili |
সহি থকা নাছিলা xohi thoka nasila |
সহি থকা নাছিলে xohi thoka nasile | |||
Future | |||||||
Indicative | + | সহিম xohim |
সহিবি xohibi |
সহিবা xohiba |
সহিব xohibo | ||
- | Indicative | ||||||
নসহোঁ noxohü͂ |
নসহ noxoho |
নসহা noxoha |
নসহে noxohe | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
নসহিম noxohim |
নসহিবি noxohibi |
নসহিবা noxohiba |
নসহিব noxohibo | ||||
Continuous | + | সহি থাকিম xohi thakim |
সহি থাকিবি xohi thakibi |
সহি থাকিবা xohi thakiba |
সহি থাকিব xohi thakibo | ||
- | |||||||
Indicative | |||||||
সহি নাথাকোঁ xohi nathakü̃ |
সহি নাথাক xohi nathako |
সহি নাথাকা xohi nathaka |
সহি নাথাকে xohi nathake | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
সহি নাথাকিম xohi nathakim |
সহি নাথাকিবি xohi nathakibi |
সহি নাথাকিবা xohi nathakiba |
সহি নাথাকিব xohi nathakibo | ||||
Others | |||||||
Imperative | + | সহোঁ xohü͂ |
সহ xoh |
সহা xoha |
সহক xohok | ||
- | — | নসহিবি noxohibi |
নসহিবা noxohiba |
নসহিব noxohibo | |||
❋ Note 1: i = for intransitive verbs, t = for transitive verbs. The suffix -এ (-e) marks ergative case. | |||||||
❋ Note 2: Sometimes -হঁক (-hõk) or less commonly -হঁত (-hõt) suffix is used for plural pronouns, like আমি কৰোহঁক (ami korühõk), আপোনালোক আহিলেহঁক (apünalük ahilehõk) etc. | |||||||
❋ Note 3: For intransitive verbs like যোৱা (züa, “to go”) the 3rd person suffix -এ (-e) in simple past tense is not used, like সি গ’ল (xi göl), not সি গ’লে (xi göle). | |||||||
❋ Note 4: Other 3rd person pronouns have the same conjugation. Click here to see other personal pronouns. |
See also
edit- সহন (xohon)
References
edit- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sáhatē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Bengali
editAlternative forms
edit- সওয়া (śôoẇa) — Chalita
Etymology
editEtymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáȷ́ʰatay
Sanskrit सह॑ते (sáhate)
Prakrit 𑀲𑀳𑀇 (sahaï)
Bengali সহা (śoha)
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀲𑀳𑀇 (sahaï), from Sanskrit सह॑ते (sáhate), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáȷ́ʰatay, from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-. Cognate with Assamese সহা (xoha), Hindustani सहना (sahnā) / سہنا (sahnā).
Verb
editসহা • (śôha)
Conjugation
edit- Chalita
impersonal forms of সহা
conjugation of সহা
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
very familiar | familiar | familiar | polite | |||
singular | আমি (ami) | তুই (tui) | তুমি (tumi) | এ (e), ও (ō), সে (se) |
আপনি (apni) | ইনি (ini), উনি (uni), তিনি (tini) |
plural | আমরা (amra) | তোরা (tora) | তোমরা (tomra) | এরা (era), ওরা (ōra), তারা (tara) |
আপনারা (apnara) | এঁরা (ẽra), ওঁরা (ō̃ra), তাঁরা (tãra) |
simple present | সই (shoi) |
সোস (shoś) |
সও (shoō) |
সয় (shoẏ) |
সন (shon) | |
present continuous | সইছি (shoichi) |
সইছিস (shoichiś) |
সইছ (shoicho) |
সইছে (shoiche) |
সইছেন (shoichen) | |
present perfect | সয়েছি (shoẏechi) |
সয়েছিস (shoẏechiś) |
সয়েছ (shoẏecho) |
সয়েছে (shoẏeche) |
সয়েছেন (shoẏechen) | |
simple past | সইলাম (shoilam) |
সইলি (shoili) |
সইলে (shoile) |
সইল (shoilo) |
সইলেন (shoilen) | |
past continuous | সইছিলাম (shoichilam) |
সইছিলি (shoichili) |
সইছিলে (shoichile) |
সইছিল (shoichilo) |
সইছিলেন (shoichilen) | |
past perfect | সয়েছিলাম (shoẏechilam) |
সয়েছিলি (shoẏechili) |
সয়েছিলে (shoẏechile) |
সয়েছিল (shoẏechilo) |
সয়েছিলেন (shoẏechilen) | |
habitual/conditional past | সইতাম (shoitam) |
সইতিস/সইতি (shoitiś/shoiti) |
সইতে (shoite) |
সইত (shoito) |
সইতেন (shoiten) | |
future | সইব (shoibo) |
সইবি (shoibi) |
সইবে (shoibe) |
সইবে (shoibe) |
সইবেন (shoiben) |
- Sadhu
impersonal forms of সহা
verbal noun | সহা (shôha) |
---|---|
infinitive | সহিতে (shohite) |
progressive participle | সহিতে-সহিতে (shohite-shohite) |
conditional participle | সহিলে (shohile) |
perfect participle | সহিয়া (shohiẏa) |
habitual participle | সহিয়া-সহিয়া (shohiẏa-shohiẏa) |
conjugation of সহা
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
very familiar | familiar | familiar | polite | |||
singular | আমি (ami) | তুই (tui) | তুমি (tumi) | এ (e), ও (ō), সে (se) |
আপনি (apni) | ইনি (ini), উনি (uni), তিনি (tini) |
plural | আমরা (amra) | তোরা (tora) | তোমরা (tomra) | এরা (era), ওরা (ōra), তারা (tara) |
আপনারা (apnara) | এঁরা (ẽra), ওঁরা (ō̃ra), তাঁরা (tãra) |
simple present | সহি (shohi) |
সহিস (shohish) |
সহ (shôho) |
সহে (shôhe) |
সহেন (shôhen) | |
present continuous | সহিতেছি (shohitechi) |
সহিতেছিস (shohitechish) |
সহিতেছ (shohitecho) |
সহিতেছে (shohiteche) |
সহিতেছেন (shohitechen) | |
present perfect | সহিয়াছি (shohiẏachi) |
সহিয়াছিস (shohiẏachish) |
সহিয়াছ (shohiẏacho) |
সহিয়াছে (shohiẏache) |
সহিয়াছেন (shohiẏachen) | |
simple past | সহিলাম/সহিনু (shohilam/shohinu) |
সহিলি (shohili) |
সহিলা (shohila) |
সহিল (shohilo) |
সহিলেন (shohilen) | |
past continuous | সহিতেছিলাম/সহিতেছিনু (shohitechilam/shohitechinu) |
সহিতেছিলি (shohitechili) |
সহিতেছিলা (shohitechila) |
সহিতেছিল (shohitechilo) |
সহিতেছিলেন (shohitechilen) | |
past perfect | সহিয়াছিলাম/সহিয়াছিনু (shohiẏachilam/shohiẏachinu) |
সহিয়াছিলি (shohiẏachili) |
সহিয়াছিলা (shohiẏachila) |
সহিয়াছিল (shohiẏachilo) |
সহিয়াছিলেন (shohiẏachilen) | |
habitual/conditional past | সহিতাম (shohitam) |
সহিতিস/সহিতি (shohitish/shohiti) |
সহিতা (shohita) |
সহিত (shohito) |
সহিতেন (shohiten) | |
future | সহিব (shohibo) |
সহিবি (shohibi) |
সহিবা (shohiba) |
সহিবে (shohibe) |
সহিবেন (shohiben) |
Related terms
edit- সহন (śôhon)
References
editCategories:
- Assamese terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Assamese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Assamese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Assamese terms inherited from Prakrit
- Assamese terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Assamese terms derived from the Sanskrit root सह्
- Assamese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-
- Assamese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Assamese terms derived from Prakrit
- Assamese terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Assamese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Assamese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Assamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Assamese lemmas
- Assamese adjectives
- Assamese verbs
- Assamese transitive verbs
- Assamese terms with usage examples
- Bengali terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Bengali terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Bengali terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Bengali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Bengali terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Bengali terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-
- Bengali terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Bengali terms derived from Prakrit
- Bengali terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Bengali terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Bengali terms inherited from Prakrit
- Bengali terms derived from the Sanskrit root सह्
- Bengali lemmas
- Bengali verbs
- Bengali terms with usage examples