ᚦᛡᛏ
Proto-Norse edit
Alternative forms edit
- ᚦᚨᛏ (þat) (older form)
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *þat (neuter of *sa (“that”)), from Proto-Indo-European *tód (neuter of *só (“that”)). Cognate with Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 (þata).
Pronoun edit
ᚦᛡᛏ (þᴀt /þat/) (Transitional Period)
- that (nominative and accusative singular neuter demonstrative pronoun)
- 500-700AD Stentoften Runestone
- […] ᚺᛖᚱᚼᛗᚼᛚᚼᛋᚼᛦ ᚼᚱᚼᚷᛖᚢ ᚹᛖᛚᚼᛞᚢᛞᛋᚼ ᚦᚼᛏ ᛒᚼᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁᚦ
- […] herAmAlAsAz ArAgeu welAduds| |sA þAt bAriutiþ
- […] incessantly [plagued] with maleficence, insidious/treacherous death, [will befall] he who breaks it [the monument]
- 500-700AD Stentoften Runestone
Usage notes edit
In earlier Proto-Norse, such as the language at the time of the Golden Horns of Gallehus, this word was spelled ᚦᚨᛏ (þat), as on the By stone (KJ71; NIæR6). However, by the time of the Stentoften Runestone, the ᚨ-rune (a) had moved from a generic /a/ to specifically a nasalized /ã/ (this sound value persists into the Old Norse reflex ᚬ, transcribed ą or o), and the regular /a/ was instead represented by the ᚼ-rune (A).