ἀπό

See also: ΑΠΟ, από, ἄπο, απο-, από-, ἀπο-, and Α.Π.Ο.

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἀπ’ (ap’) — apocopic
• ἀφ’ (aph’) — apocopic, before vowel with rough breathing
• ἀπύ (apú) — Aeolic, Arcadocypriot

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *apó, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”).

Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀢 (a-pu), Sanskrit अप (ápa, “away, off”), Latin ab (“from”), Proto-Slavic *po, and Proto-Germanic *ab (English of; see also after), Albanian pa (“without”).

The genitive is from the PIE ablative of separation or cause.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.pó/ → /aˈpo/ → /aˈpo/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.pó/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aˈpo/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aˈpo/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /aˈpo/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈpo/

Preposition

ᾰ̓πό • (apó) (governs the genitive)

1. from, away from
2. because of, as a result of
3. in the name of

Usage notes

As is the case with most Greek prepositions, ἀπό is a versatile word which can take the idiom of a number of English words. To further complicate matters, in Koine Greek, the distinctions between various prepositions are often blurred, leading to ἀπό fulfilling functions classically reserved for words such as ἐκ, ὑπό, and παρά.

Derived terms

• ἀπο- (apo-)

Related terms

• ἄπιος (ápios)
• ἄψ (áps)

Descendants

• Greek: από (apó)

References

• “ἀπό”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀπό”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀπό”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἀπό in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• ἀπό in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἀπό in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “ἀπό”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G575 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• ἀπό in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • commence idem, page 147.
  • descend idem, page 214.
  • from idem, page 346.
  • issue idem, page 461.
  • light idem, page 490.
  • loin idem, page 497.
  • off idem, page 569.
  • sail idem, page 731.
  • since idem, page 777.