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Translingual
editEtymology
editInvented by Louis Braille, braille cells were arranged in numerical order and assigned to the letters of the French alphabet. Most braille alphabets follow this assignment for the 26 letters of the basic Latin alphabet or, in non-Latin scripts, for the transliterations of those letters. In such alphabets, the first ten braille letters (the first decade: ⠁⠃⠉⠙⠑⠋⠛⠓⠊⠚) are assigned to the Latin letters A to J and to the digits 1 to 9 and 0. (Apart from '2', the even digits all have three dots: ⠃⠙⠋⠓⠚.)
The letters of the first decade are those cells with at least one dot in the top row and at least one in the left column, but none in the bottom row. The next decade repeat the pattern with the addition of a dot at the lower left, the third decade with two dots in the bottom row, and the fourth with a dot on the bottom right. The fifth decade is like the first, but shifted downward one row. The first decade is supplemented by the two characters with dots in the right column and none in the bottom row, and that supplement is propagated to the other decades using the generation rules above. Finally, there are four characters with no dots in the top two rows. Many languages that use braille letters beyond the 26 of the basic Latin alphabet follow an approximation of the English values for additional letters.
Letter
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- (Igbo, Yoruba Braille) ẹ
- (Arabic Braille) ـِ (i)
- (Amharic Braille) ä
- (Bharati braille) short ĕ [apart from Bengali and Odia Braille]
- (Bengali/Odia braille) য়/ୟ ẏ
- (Cantonese Braille) The rime ap
- (Vietnamese Braille) tone ◌̉
- (Thai Braille) The vowel ◌ื long eu
- (IPA Braille) ə
Punctuation mark
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Symbol
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- (French Braille) (marks the beginning of emphasis—italics, bold, underlining, etc.—within a word)
English
editLetter
edit⠢ (en)
- Renders the print sequence en.
- 2007, High School Musical 2, 00:50:38:
- [Both the Latin script and the Braille text are written on a plaque.]
MEN'S LOCKER ROOM
Members's Only
⠍⠢⠄⠎⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠻⠀⠗⠕⠕⠍ (men's locker room)
Contraction
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Usage notes
edit- This is used for the independent word enough. It is not used otherwise for the letter sequence.
- Because this cell does not have dots in the top row, it is not used for enough where it would contact a punctuation mark, such as at the end of a sentence or in hyphenated words.
Korean
editLetter
edit⠢ • (-m)
- Syllable-final ㅁ (m)
Coordinate terms
edit- Syllable-initial ⠑.
Symbol
edit⠢ • (+)
- The plus sign +.
Mandarin
editLetter
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- (Mainland Braille) The rime e/o
- (Taiwan Braille) The rime ê
- (Two-Cell Braille) The onset w-
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