⠱

⠱ U+2831, ⠱ BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-156 ← ⠰ [U+2830] Braille Patterns ⠲ → [U+2832]

Translingual

A character of the braille script, originally used to transcribe the French letter û. Some alphabets use it for a variant of s because it is a reflection of the braille letter ⠎ s.

Etymology

More information

Invented by Louis Braille, braille cells were arranged in numerical order and assigned to the letters of the French alphabet. Most braille alphabets follow this assignment for the 26 letters of the basic Latin alphabet or, in non-Latin scripts, for the transliterations of those letters. In such alphabets, the first ten braille letters (the first decade: ⠁⠃⠉⠙⠑⠋⠛⠓⠊⠚) are assigned to the Latin letters A to J and to the digits 1 to 9 and 0. (Apart from '2', the even digits all have three dots: ⠃⠙⠋⠓⠚.)

The letters of the first decade are those cells with at least one dot in the top row and at least one in the left column, but none in the bottom row. The next decade repeat the pattern with the addition of a dot at the lower left, the third decade with two dots in the bottom row, and the fourth with a dot on the bottom right. The fifth decade is like the first, but shifted downward one row. The first decade is supplemented by the two characters with dots in the right column and none in the bottom row, and that supplement is propagated to the other decades using the generation rules above. Finally, there are four characters with no dots in the top two rows. Many languages that use braille letters beyond the 26 of the basic Latin alphabet follow an approximation of the English or French values for additional letters.

Letter

⠱

1. (Polish Braille, Lithuanian Braille) ę
2. (Latvian Braille) ē
3. (German Braille, Dutch Braille) A letter rendering the print trigraph sch
4. (Hungarian Braille) A letter rendering the print digraph sz
5. (Romanian Braille) ş
6. (Czech Braille, Estonian Braille) š
7. (Albanian Braille) sh
8. (Icelandic Braille) ð
9. (IPA Braille) ʃ

Non-Latin transliteration

1. (International Greek Braille) η ê [Greek Braille uses ⠜ for η]
2. (Greek Braille) ευ (eu)
3. (Yugoslav Braille) š ~ ш
4. (Russian Braille) ш (sh)
5. (Hebrew Braille) שׂ (s)
6. (Arabic Braille) ح (ḥ)
7. (Ethiopic Braille) ኅ (ḫᵊ)
8. (Bharati Braille) ज्ञ (jña) [apart from Urdu Braille]
9. (Urdu Braille) ح (ḥa)
10. (Tibetan Braille) ཤ (sha)
11. (Thai Braille) The vowel ไ◌ (ai)
12. (Cantonese Braille) The rime oe

Symbol

⠱ (♩)

1. (music) A quarter D note.

See also

Braille script navigation

• Braille eight-dot extensions from ⟨⠱⟩:    ⡱   ⢱   ⣱

English

Letter

⠱ (w͟h)

1. Renders the print digraph wh.

Usage notes

• This is used for the digraph wh, not just any sequence of w + h.

Contraction

⠱

1. which

Usage notes

• This is used for the independent word which and where the word which is set off with an apostrophe or hyphen. It is not used otherwise for the letter sequence w-h-i-c-h, not even in non-hyphenated derivations such as whichever.

French

Letter

⠱ (û)

1. The letter û

Contraction

⠱

1. The independent word est.
2. The letter sequences es- and -es.

Usage notes

• The sequence es must appear at either the beginning or the end of its word.

Numeral

⠱ (5)

1. (in the context of the Antoine number sign ⠠) 5

Japanese

Syllable

⠱ (romaji sa)

1. The hiragana syllable さ (sa) or the katakana syllable サ (sa) in Japanese braille.

Korean

Etymology

• A reversed ⠎ (eo).

Letter

⠱ • (yeo)

1. The vowel ㅕ (yeo).

Luxembourgish

Numeral

⠱ (5)

1. The digit 5.

See also

Luxembourgish Braille digits: ⠡ 1, ⠣ 2, ⠩ 3, ⠹ 4, ⠱ 5, ⠫ 6, ⠻ 7, ⠳ 8, ⠪ 9, ⠼ 0

Mandarin

Letter

⠱

1. (Mainland Braille) The onset sh
2. (Taiwan Braille) The rimes er and fricative -i (not written in zhuyin)
3. (Two-Cell Braille) The onset ju- or the rime -éng (-íng, -óng)

Contraction

⠱

1. (Two-Cell Braille) 就 (jiù)

Braille script navigation

• Braille eight-dot extensions from ⟨⠱⟩:    ⡱   ⢱   ⣱