念じる
Japanese
editKanji in this term |
---|
念 |
ねん Grade: 4 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
editShift from verb 念ずる (nenzuru), by natural progression from サ行変格活用 (sagyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs ending in -uru to 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -iru.
Pronunciation
edit- (Tokyo) ねんじる [nèńjírú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) ねんじる [nèńjíꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- IPA(key): [nẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑiɾɯ̟]
Verb
edit念じる • (nenjiru) transitive ichidan (stem 念じ (nenji), past 念じた (nenjita))
Conjugation
editConjugation of "念じる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 念じ | ねんじ | nenji | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 念じ | ねんじ | nenji | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 念じる | ねんじる | nenjiru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 念じる | ねんじる | nenjiru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 念じれ | ねんじれ | nenjire | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 念じよ¹ 念じろ² |
ねんじよ¹ ねんじろ² |
nenjiyo¹ nenjiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 念じられる | ねんじられる | nenjirareru | |
Causative | 念じさせる 念じさす |
ねんじさせる ねんじさす |
nenjisaseru nenjisasu | |
Potential | 念じられる 念じれる³ |
ねんじられる ねんじれる³ |
nenjirareru nenjireru³ | |
Volitional | 念じよう | ねんじよう | nenjiyō | |
Negative | 念じない 念じぬ 念じん |
ねんじない ねんじぬ ねんじん |
nenjinai nenjinu nenjin | |
Negative continuative | 念じず | ねんじず | nenjizu | |
Formal | 念じます | ねんじます | nenjimasu | |
Perfective | 念じた | ねんじた | nenjita | |
Conjunctive | 念じて | ねんじて | nenjite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 念じれば | ねんじれば | nenjireba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
References
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 念 read as ねん
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese ichidan verbs
- Japanese kami ichidan verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples