洶湧

See also: 洶涌 and 汹涌

Chinese

		torrential rush; tumultuous	bubble up; rush forth
trad. (洶湧/洶涌)		洶	湧/涌
simp. (汹涌)		汹	涌

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiōngyǒng

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄥㄩㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hung¹ jung²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hiûng-yúng
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hiong-ióng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiōngyǒng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄥㄩㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syongyǒng
  - Wade–Giles: hsiung¹-yung³
  - Yale: syūng-yǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiongyeong
  - Palladius: сюнъюн (sjunʺjun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hung¹ jung²
  - Yale: hūng yúng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung¹ jung²
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung¹ yung²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ⁵⁵ jʊŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiûng-yúng
  - Hakka Romanization System: hiung´ iung`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hiung¹ yung³
  - Sinological IPA: /hi̯uŋ²⁴ i̯uŋ³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiûng-yúng
  - Hakka Romanization System: hiung´ (r)iung`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hiung¹ yung³
  - Sinological IPA: /hi̯uŋ²⁴ (j)i̯uŋ³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiong-ióng
  - Tâi-lô: hiong-ióng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiong'iorng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɔŋ³³ iɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

Middle Chinese: xjowng|xjowngX yowngX

Rime
Character	洶	洶	湧
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	曉 (32)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	許容切	許拱切	余隴切
Baxter	xjowng	xjowngX	yowngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨoŋ/	/hɨoŋ^X/	/jɨoŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/hioŋ/	/hioŋ^X/	/jioŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/xioŋ/	/xioŋ^X/	/ioŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huawŋ/	/huawŋ^X/	/juawŋ^X/
Li Rong	/xioŋ/	/xioŋ^X/	/ioŋ^X/
Wang Li	/xĭwoŋ/	/xĭwoŋ^X/	/jĭwoŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯woŋ/	/xi̯woŋ^X/	/i̯woŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiōng	xiǒng	yǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung¹	hung²	jung⁵

Adjective

洶湧

(ideophonic) tempestuous; turbulent

Related terms

澎湃 (pēngpài)

Verb

洶湧

to surge up violently (of oceans, rivers, lakes, etc.)

Derived terms

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