容

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

容 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十金人口 (JCOR), four-corner 3060₈, composition ⿱宀谷)

Derived charactersEdit

傛, 𠹍, 塎, 嫆, 嵱, 愹, 搈, 溶, 𬁎, 𬲄, 榕, 𣯔, 熔, 瑢, 𪿮, 穃, 𫃻, 𦗋, 𬠣, 褣, 𫍇, 䡥, 鎔(镕), 鰫(𫚦), 彮, 𣤄, 㼸, 𪃾, 𫶎, 蓉, 䈶, 𣘏, 㮤

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 287, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7172
Dae Jaweon: page 567, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 933, character 17
Unihan data for U+5BB9

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		容
alternative forms		㝐頌 “looks” 𠕺㝐

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 容
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (谷) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
螸	*lo
裕	*loɡs
容	*loŋ
溶	loŋ, loŋʔ
鎔	*loŋ
蓉	*loŋ
傛	loŋ, loŋʔ
褣	*loŋ
搈	*loŋ
瑢	*loŋ
嵱	*loŋ
熔	*loŋ
榕	*loŋ
塎	*loŋʔ
谷	ɦkroːɡ, kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ
唂	*kloːɡ
焀	*ɡloːɡ
俗	*ljoɡ
欲	*loɡ
浴	*loɡ
鵒	*loɡ
峪	*ɦkloːɡ
鋊	*loɡ
輍	*loɡ
慾	*loɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *loŋ): semantic 宀 + phonetic 公 (OC *kloːŋ) – to hold; to contain.

容 has also largely supplanted 頌 (OC *sɢloŋs, *loŋ) for the sense of “appearance”.

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): róng (rong²)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄥˊ

(Chengdu, SP): yong²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jung⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): yuung³
Gan (Wiktionary): iung⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yùng

(Meixian, Guangdong): yung²
Min Bei (KCR): ě̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): ṳ̀ng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): iông

(Teochew, Peng'im): iong⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): ³hhion
Xiang (Wiktionary): in²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: róng
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: róng
  - Wade–Giles: jung²
  - Yale: rúng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rong
  - Palladius: жун (žun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐʊŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yong²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: yng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yoŋ²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jung⁴
  - Yale: yùhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jung⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yung⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yuung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɵŋ²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: iung⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iuŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùng
  - Hakka Romanization System: iungˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yung²
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯uŋ¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùng
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iungˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yung²
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yung²
  - Sinological IPA: /iʊŋ¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ě̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /œyŋ²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iông
  - Tâi-lô: iông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ioong
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /iɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iong⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iông
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ioŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ³hhion
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦi̯ʊŋ²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: in²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in¹³/

Middle Chinese: /jɨoŋ/

Rime
Character	容
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	餘封切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/jioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juawŋ/
Li Rong	/ioŋ/
Wang Li	/jĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yóng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jung⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ](r)oŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*loŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	容	容
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	róng	róng
Middle Chinese	‹ yowng ›	‹ yowng ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ](r)oŋ/	/*[ɢ](r)oŋ/
English	contain	appearance
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	容
Reading #	1/1
No.	4284
Phonetic component	谷
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	容
Old Chinese	/*loŋ/
Notes	說文古文從公，小徐作谷聲

DefinitionsEdit

容

to hold; to contain
每間教室能容20多個學生。 [MSC, trad.]
每间教室能容20多个学生。 [MSC, simp.]
Měi jiān jiàoshì néng róng 20 duō ge xuéshēng. [Pinyin]
Each classroom can hold 20-odd students.
to tolerate; to stand
寬容／宽容 ― kuānróng ― to be lenient

容不得別人批評／容不得别人批评 ― róng bude biérén pīpíng ― cannot stand others' criticism
to allow; to permit
請容我說兩句／请容我说两句 ― qǐng róng wǒ shuō liǎng jù ― Please allow me to say something
(literary) perhaps; maybe
facial appearance; looks
笑容 ― xiàoróng ― smile

容光煥發／容光焕发 ― róngguānghuànfā ― (of one's face) to glow with vigour and joy
bearing; posture
市容 ― shìróng ― appearance of a city
Used in 容易 (róngyì) and 容與／容与.
Used in 容容.
a surname
容國團／容国团 ― Róng Guótuán ― Rong Guotuan (Chinese table tennis player)
(～縣) Rong County, Yulin, Guangxi