相對

See also: 相对 and 相対

Chinese edit

		each other; appearance; portrait each other; appearance; portrait; picture; one another; mutually	couple; pair; to be opposite couple; pair; to be opposite; to oppose; to face; for; to; correct (answer); to answer; to reply; to direct (towards sth); right
trad. (相對)		相	對
simp. (相对)		相	对

Etymology edit

Attestable in ancient pre-Qin texts. In the sense of "relativity", borrowed from Japanese 相對(そうたい) (sōtai).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiāngduì

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤㄉㄨㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng¹ deoi³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siông-tui
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): siong-tùi / siang-tùi / saⁿ-tùi / sio-tùi

(Teochew, Peng'im): siang¹ dui³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiāngduì
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤㄉㄨㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siangduèi
  - Wade–Giles: hsiang¹-tui⁴
  - Yale: syāng-dwèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiangduey
  - Palladius: сяндуй (sjanduj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng¹ deoi³
  - Yale: sēung deui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹ doey³
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹ dêu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵ tɵy̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siông-tui
  - Hakka Romanization System: xiong´ dui
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xiong¹ dui⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /si̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tu̯i⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siong-tùi
  - Tâi-lô: siong-tuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siongduix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ³³ tui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tui²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siang-tùi
  - Tâi-lô: siang-tuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siangduix
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tui²¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-tùi
  - Tâi-lô: sann-tuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sva'duix
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ tui¹¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sio-tùi
  - Tâi-lô: sio-tuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sioi'duix
  - IPA (Taipei): /sio⁴⁴⁻³³ tui¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/

Note: saⁿ-tùi/sio-tùi - "facing each other".

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: siang¹ dui³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siang tùi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siaŋ³³⁻²³ tui²¹³/

Verb edit

相對

to square off; to face off; to face each other
to resist; to oppose

Synonyms edit

(to square off): 面對面／面对面 (miànduìmiàn)

Adjective edit

相對

(attributive) relative (as opposed to absolute)

Antonyms edit

絕對／绝对 (juéduì)

Adverb edit

相對

comparatively; relatively; fairly; quite

Synonyms edit

比較／比较
較為／较为

Noun edit

相對

relativity

Derived terms edit

廣義相對論／广义相对论 (guǎngyì xiāngduìlùn)
相對主義／相对主义 (xiāngduì zhǔyì)
相對人／相对人
相對原子質量／相对原子质量 (xiāngduì yuánzǐ zhìliàng)
相對同時／相对同时
相對權／相对权
相對濕度／相对湿度 (xiāngduì shīdù)
相對真理／相对真理 (xiāngduì zhēnlǐ)
相對論／相对论 (xiāngduìlùn)
相對論角動量／相对论角动量
相對高度／相对高度
針鋒相對／针锋相对 (zhēnfēngxiāngduì)

Descendants edit

Sino-Xenic (相對):

→ Japanese: 相対(そうたい) (sōtai)
→ Korean: 상대(相對) (sangdae)
→ Vietnamese: tương đối (相對)

Japanese edit

Kanji in this term
相	對
あい Grade: 3	たい Hyōgaiji
yutōyomi

Kanji in this term
相	對
そう Grade: 3	たい Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 相對 – see the following entry.

【相対あいたい】	[adjective] confrontation, head-to-head [verb] to confront, face
【相対そうたい】	[noun] relativity [verb] to be relative