𐍉𐌲𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *aganą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂ógʰe, from *h₂egʰ- (“to fear, be distressed”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈoːɣan/

Verb

𐍉𐌲𐌰𐌽 • (ōgan)

1. to fear, be afraid
2. to revere, to be awed

Conjugation

A variant 𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 (uhtēdun) is attested. Note also that (unexpectedly for preterite-present verbs) an imperative form is attested.

Preterite-present
Infinitive	𐍉𐌲𐌰𐌽 ōgan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍉𐌲 ōg	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌰 ōhta	—
2nd singular	𐍉𐌲𐍄 ōgt	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐍃 ōhtēs	—
3rd singular	𐍉𐌲 ōg	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌰 ōhta	—
1st dual	𐍉𐌲𐌿 ōgu	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌿 ōhtēdu	—
2nd dual	𐍉𐌲𐌿𐍄𐍃 ōguts	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 ōhtēduts	—
1st plural	𐍉𐌲𐌿𐌼 ōgum	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 ōhtēdum	—
2nd plural	𐍉𐌲𐌿𐌸 ōguþ	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 ōhtēduþ	—
3rd plural	𐍉𐌲𐌿𐌽 ōgun	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 ōhtēdun	—
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌿 ōgjau	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 ōhtēdjau	—
2nd singular	𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐍃 ōgeis	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 ōhtēdeis	—
3rd singular	𐍉𐌲𐌹 ōgi	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌹 ōhtēdi	—
1st dual	𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 ōgeiwa	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 ōhtēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 ōgeits	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 ōhtēdeits	—
1st plural	𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 ōgeima	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 ōhtēdeima	—
2nd plural	𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌸 ōgeiþ	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 ōhtēdeiþ	—
3rd plural	𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 ōgeina	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 ōhtēdeina	—
Imperative
2nd singular	𐍉𐌲𐍃 ōgs
3rd singular	—
2nd dual	—
2nd plural	—
3rd plural	—
	Present	Past
Participles	𐍉𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 ōgands	𐍉𐌷𐍄𐍃 ōhts

Related terms

• 𐌰𐌲𐌹𐍃 (agis)
• 𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ōgjan)
• 𐌿𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (unagands)