-тие

Russian

Alternative forms

• -тьё (-tʹjó), -тиё (-tijó)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-tьje.

Pronunciation

• -тие: IPA^(key): [tʲɪje]
• -тие́: IPA^(key): [tʲɪˈje]

Suffix

-тие or -тие́ • (-tije or -tijé)

1. -tion, -ence, -ance, -ity, etc. (suffix used to form abstract nouns from verbs)

   ‎отбы́ть (otbýtʹ, “to depart; to complete (a term, sentence, etc.)”) + ‎-тие (-tije) → ‎отбы́тие (otbýtije, “departure; completion (of a term, sentence, etc.)”)

   ‎отплы́ть (otplýtʹ, “to sail off”) + ‎-тие (-tije) → ‎отплы́тие (otplýtije, “sailing off, departure from shore”)

   ‎пожа́ть (požátʹ, “to press, to squeeze”) + ‎-тие (-tije) → ‎пожа́тие (požátije, “handshake, shrug”)

   ‎быть (bytʹ, “to be”) + ‎-тие́ (-tijé) → ‎бытие́ (bytijé, “existence (philosophy, stilted)”)

Usage notes

• This suffix is generally used only for verbs whose past passive participle ends in -тый (-tyj); verbs whose past passive participle ends in -енный (-ennyj) or -ённый (-jónnyj) normally use -ение (-enije), and verbs whose past passive participle ends in -анный (-annyj) normally use -ание (-anije).
• Note that even intransitive verbs without a past passive participle form abstract nouns in -тие (-tije) (cf. отплы́тие (otplýtije) above).
• The stressed variant is fairly rare and often has a dated, stilted or ironic quality to it. It only occurs with unprefixed verbs and only in words borrowed from Old Church Slavonic. The normal stressed variant is -тьё (-tʹjó); -тиё (-tijó) is also occasionally found.

Declension

Declension of -тие, -тие́ (inan neut-form i-stem accent-a/b) 

	singular	plural
nominative	-тие, -тие́ -tije, -tijé	-тия, -тия́ -tija, -tijá
genitive	-тия, -тия́ -tija, -tijá	-тий, -ти́й -tij, -tíj
dative	-тию, -тию́ -tiju, -tijú	-тиям, -тия́м -tijam, -tijám
accusative	-тие, -тие́ -tije, -tijé	-тия, -тия́ -tija, -tijá
instrumental	-тием, -тие́м -tijem, -tijém	-тиями, -тия́ми -tijami, -tijámi
prepositional	-тии, -тии́ -tii, -tií	-тиях, -тия́х -tijax, -tijáx

Derived terms

Russian terms suffixed with -тие