Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brandaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰren- (“to seethe; spew forth; burn”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbrɑn.dɑz/

Noun

*brandaz m

1. fire; flame

   Synonyms: *laugiz (“flame”), *ailą, *ailidaz, *fōr, *uzjǭ

2. flash

   Synonym: *blikǭ

3. burning, flaming
4. firebrand, torch
5. sword

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:gem-pro:swerdą

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *brandaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*brandaz	*brandōz, *brandōs
vocative	*brand	*brandōz, *brandōs
accusative	*brandą	*brandanz
genitive	*brandas, *brandis	*brandǫ̂
dative	*brandai	*brandamaz
instrumental	*brandō	*brandamiz

Related terms

• *brannijaną
• *brinnaną

Derived terms

• *brandaraidō
• *Harjabrandaz
• *Hildibrandaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *brand
  • Old English: brand, brond
    • Middle English: brand, brond
      • English: brand
      • Scots: brand
  • Old Frisian: brand, brond
    • Saterland Frisian: Bround
    • West Frisian: brân
  • Old Saxon: brand
    • Middle Low German: brant
      • German Low German: Brand
  • Old Dutch: *brand
    • Middle Dutch: brant
      • Dutch: brand
        • Afrikaans: brand
      • Limburgish: brandj
  • Old High German: brant
    • Middle High German: brant
      • German: Brand
      • Luxembourgish: Brand
  • → Vulgar Latin: *brandus (see there for further descendants)
• Old Norse: brandr
  • Icelandic: brandur
  • Faroese: brandur
  • Norwegian Bokmål: brand, brann
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: brann
  • Old Swedish: brander
    • Swedish: brand
  • Old Danish: brand
    • Danish: brand
• → Proto-Samic: *(p)rāntē (see there for further descendants)