Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pyrь
Proto-Slavic
editEtymology 1
editMost likely a substantive i-stem derivative from the direct-case stem of Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ (“bonfire”), cognate with Old Prussian panno (“fire”) (derived from the oblique-case stem). Further origin is disputed. Commonly proposed etymologies include:
- From *paw- (“to strike”), whence Proto-Slavic *pyti (“to discern”), *pytati (“to examine, to request clarification”).
- From *puH- (“to rot”), whence Lithuanian pū́ti (“to rotten”), Latvian pũt (“to rotten”).
- From *pewH- (“to cleanse, to purify”), whence Latin pūrus (“pure”), pius (“devout”).
All of these roots may ultimately be w-extensions of Proto-Indo-European *(s)peh₂- (“to lash, to thrash, to wrench”) (reflected by Ancient Greek σπᾰ́ω (spáō, “to draw, to pluck”), etc.). Perhaps, from there is semi-onomatopoeic Proto-Slavic *patъ (“thump, smack”), *patati (“to bang”).
Noun
edit*py̑rь m[1]
- remains of fire, smoldering ash, cinder
- (by extension) lye, product of combustion
Declension
editsingular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *py̑rь | *py̑ri | *py̑rьjē, *py̑řē* |
genitive | *pyrí | *pyrьjù, *pyřu* | *pyrь̀jь |
dative | *py̑ri | *pyrьmà | *py̑rьmъ |
accusative | *py̑rь | *py̑ri | *py̑ri |
instrumental | *py̑rьmь | *pyrьmà | *pyrьmì |
locative | *pyrí | *pyrьjù, *pyřu* | *py̑rьxъ |
vocative | *pyri | *py̑ri | *py̑rьjē, *py̑řē* |
Derived terms
edit- *pyriti (“to combust, to melt, to fan a fire”)
- >? *pyrovati (“to ferment”)
- *pyrьjь (substantivized noun)
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
edit- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пуры́нь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пы́рей”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
edit- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “perẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “pslovan. *pyrъ̏”
Etymology 2
editPer Trubačev, probably resultant from an alternative semantic development of Etymology 1 stemming back from Proto-Indo-European times. As a reason, he gives the circumstance that spelt needed to be treated thermally in order to be used. Similar semantic duality is observed in Old English fȳr (“fire”) and fyrs (“furze”). For further details, see the o-stem variant *pyrъ.
Possibly akin (via ter-stem) to Proto-Balto-Slavic *putrāˀ (“ground corn, cereal”) (whence Latvian putra (“porridge”)) from one of the above mentioned roots.
Noun
edit*pỳrь m
- Alternative form of *pyrъ: couch grass
Declension
editsingular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *pyrь | *pỳri | *pỳrьjē, *pỳřē* |
genitive | *pỳrī | *pỳrьju, *pỳřu* | *pỳrьjь, *pỳrī* |
dative | *pỳri | *pỳrьma | *pỳrьmъ |
accusative | *pyrь | *pỳri | *pỳri |
instrumental | *pỳrьmь | *pỳrьma | *pỳrьmī |
locative | *pỳrī | *pỳrьju, *pỳřu* | *pỳrьxъ |
vocative | *pyri | *pỳri | *pỳrьjē, *pỳřē* |
Derived terms
edit- *pyrьjь (“id.”)
Descendants
edit- West Slavic:
Further reading
edit- Трубачёв, Олег Николаевич (a. 2002) Этногенез и культура древнейших славян (in Russian), Moscow: Наука, published 2003, →ISBN, pages 232–233, noting the identity of the meanings “fire remnants” and “spelt”.
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic nouns
- Proto-Slavic masculine nouns
- sla-pro:Combustion
- Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns
- Proto-Slavic masculine i-stem nouns
- Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c
- Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a