Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gaigijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰeyǵʰ-, *gʰeygʰ- (“to gape, protrude”), from *ǵʰēy(w)-, *ǵʰyāw- (“to yawn, gape”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣɑi̯.ɣi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*gaigijaną

1. to move back and forth, to totter
2. to take a wrong direction, to transgress

Inflection

Conjugation of *gaigijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*gaigijō	*gaigijaų	—	*gaigijai	?
2nd singular	*gaigīsi	*gaigijais	*gaigī	*gaigijasai	*gaigijaisau
3rd singular	*gaigīþi	*gaigijai	*gaigijaþau	*gaigijaþai	*gaigijaiþau
1st dual	*gaigijōs	*gaigijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*gaigijaþiz	*gaigijaiþiz	*gaigijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*gaigijamaz	*gaigijaim	—	*gaigijanþai	*gaigijainþau
2nd plural	*gaigīþ	*gaigijaiþ	*gaigīþ	*gaigijanþai	*gaigijainþau
3rd plural	*gaigijanþi	*gaigijain	*gaigijanþau	*gaigijanþai	*gaigijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*gaigidǭ	*gaigidēdį̄
2nd singular	*gaigidēz	*gaigidēdīz
3rd singular	*gaigidē	*gaigidēdī
1st dual	*gaigidēdū	*gaigidēdīw
2nd dual	*gaigidēdudiz	*gaigidēdīdiz
1st plural	*gaigidēdum	*gaigidēdīm
2nd plural	*gaigidēdud	*gaigidēdīd
3rd plural	*gaigidēdun	*gaigidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*gaigijandz	*gaigidaz

Related terms

• *gīgāną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *gaigijan
  • Old English: *gǣġan
    • Middle English: *geyen
      • >? English: geg, gaig, gay (possibly from or merged with Old Norse geiga)
    • ⇒ Old English: forgǣġan
    • ⇒ Old English: ofergǣġan
  • Old Frisian: gēia
  • Old High German: *geigen
    • Middle High German: *geigen
      • German: geigen (“to move around, move back and forth”) (dialectal; possibly from *gīgāną instead)
• Old Norse: geiga
  • Icelandic: geiga
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: geige