Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gardô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos (“hedge, fence, enclosure”), from *gʰerdʰ-. More at *gardaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣɑr.dɔːː/, /ˈɣɑr.ðɔːː/

Noun

*gardô m

1. hedge, fence
2. enclosure, pen
3. court, yard
4. garden
5. house

Inflection

masculine an-stemDeclension of *gardô (masculine an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*gardô	*gardaniz
vocative	*gardô	*gardaniz
accusative	*gardanų	*gardanunz
genitive	*gardiniz	*gardanǫ̂
dative	*gardini	*gardammaz
instrumental	*gardinē	*gardammiz

Related terms

• *gardaz
• *gardiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *gardō
  • Old Frisian: garda
    • North Frisian: gard, gerd, gord
  • Old Saxon: gard, gardo
    • Middle Low German: gart
  • Old Dutch: gardo
    • Middle Dutch: garde
      • Dutch: gaard
      • Limburgish: gäörd
  • Old High German: garto
    • Middle High German: garte
      • Alemannic German: Garte, Gaarte
      • Bavarian: Gåatn, Goatn, Gårtn, Gåschtn
        • Cimbrian: gaarto, gart
      • Central Franconian: (Ripuarian) Jaade, Jaat, (Moselle Franconian) Gaade, Gaarde, Goarde, Goart, ([ˈɡɔːɐ̯tn̩] Britten)
        • Hunsrik: Gaarte
        • Luxembourgish: Gaart
      • East Franconian: [ˈɡ̊ad̥n̩]
      • German: Garten
      • Rhine Franconian: (South Hessian) /ˈɡaːtə/, /ˈɡaːrə/, (Palatine) /ˈɡaːtə/
        • Pennsylvania German: Gaarde
      • Yiddish: גאָרטן (gortn)
• Old Norse: *garði
  • Icelandic: garði
  • Norwegian: garde
  • Danish: gårde (dialectal)
• Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌰 (garda)
• → Proto-Finnic: *kartano (see there for further descendants)